-
James spending more money then Elizabeth
- family
- parties
- opening and closing Parliament
- Elizabeth not spending much due to dying
- Inflation
-
Denied Union
James wanted union. but Parliament was too worried that the Scottish were going to come down and take all the jobs, as their economy was weaker than the English. Therefore despite James being King of both, Parliament said no. 1603-07 -
Treaty of London
With Spain. Dutch not prepared so we abonded them. -
The Gunpowder Plot
-
Impositions: Bates' case
Impositions: custom duties.
John Bates: a merchant, refused to pay.
Went to court, Bates lost, as Parliament said that impositions where a "back-door" tax they had no control over. -
The Apology of the House of Commons
Statement with the rights of Parliament, which was presented to remind them.
- their privledges were under threat
- free speech, free election and freedom from arrest -
The Great Contract
Salisbury idea:
- Crown would give up the right to feudual dues
- for a fixed sum per annum to be raised in texation
- needed large lump to pay off royal debts Parliament gave 200,000 but their was a miscalculation in the the amount of money James needed. He needed double. Parliament refused the contract fell though. Sorry Salisbury. -
The Addled Parliament
James reopend Parliament:
- pay for sons funeral
- pay for daughtes marriage
They were angry as:
- though he was interferring in elections by hiring undertakers
- he continue collecting impositions
This resulted in chaos in Parliament and they got dissolved again. -
Bedford Died
He could have sorted it all out. He could have possibly createda bridge, but due to Pym taking over this place this was never going to happen, cause he had to go and die. -
The Overbury Scandal
Robert Carr (Earl of Rochester) having affair with Lady Essex aided by Sir Tomas Overbury.
Lady Essex had an annulment from husband allowing her to marry Rochester
Overbury tried to persuade her otherwise
James offered his ambassordorship abroad, he denied.
Overbury sent to the tower
Essex sent him a poisoned pie
- Overbury no longer James's favourite, allowing Buckingham to take his place
- Lowered respect for Crown and Court when public found out -
The Cockayne Project
1615-1617
To raise greater revenue, cloth should be completely made and finished in London.
James gave him the monopoly and 10,000
King Merhcant's Adventures
Failed due to outbreak of war
However City of London, blamed it on James. -
Finanical reform
1618-1620
Savings had to be made due to a large amount of debt
- Suffolk
- Trade
-Cokayne Project -
Buckingham Rose
Buckingham started to rise power -
Outbreak of Thirty Years War
-
Frederick lost Bohemia and the Palatinate
- a large german state of the Rhine
-
Cransfield - became Middlesex
Cranfield became Lord Treasurer and became Earl of Middlesex backed by Buckingham -
The Final years 1621 - 5
1621-25 - met during difficult times
- economic depression, caused by thirty years war, bad harvest in 1621, and support for anti-Spanish foregin policy Main attack from Parliament was on monoploies
Then on Bacon, Sir Edward Coke encouraging it.
Was saw as a symbol of court corruption. -
The 1624 Parliament
- James was ill, Charles an Buckingham in control
- James stated Charle allowing Parlimament to discuss foreign policy gave them power that shouldnt have
- Middlesex attacked, as was an enemy of city merchants and gentry members
-
James died
-
Mansfeld failure
6,000 troops, no training no equipment.
4,000 died in battle of disease or starvation -
Henriette Maria
Charles got married. -
The Cadiz Expedition
Charles and Buckingham attack main Spanish port.
Troops once again untrained.
Troops went ashore, found a wine store, got drunk.
The plan to intercept the Spanish ships was a failure -
Charles's first Parliament
Charles's first Parliament -
Act of Revocation
cancelling grants of all royal land. occured again in 1640 over church land.
landowers didn't know what this meant for this, created dissaray -
Period: to
The Break with France
Charles wanted France to fight Spain with them. He sucked up to France by providing troops to fight the French Protestants. However Richelieu, French chief minister had to plans on helping the English, Therefore Charles, to gain popularity with the remaining French Protestants aided the Huguenots. Therefore was at war with France. -
Tensions between King and Commons
To avoid attacks on Buckingham, Charles made Sir Edward Coke and Sir Robert Phelips Sherrifs therefore could not be MP's Angered by a sermon by Laud whereby he stated "A royal command must be in Gods glory, and obediance to it a subjects honour' -
The Forced Loan
-
The peition of right
Edward Coke and Pym:
Document stating the rights of the people
- forced loans where illegal
- Marital law illegal
etc. -
Malitia Ordinance
Each county, had to hire a professional solider to train troops in case of an attack. Each country had to orgnaise and train an army.
Didn't work
- no one could be borthered
- no signs of attac, -
Laud - Bishop of London
Abbot resisted the rise of Arminanism, and refused to allow the Sibthropes sermon. Therefore Charles suspended Abbot replaced with Laud -
The Five Knights Case
Five Knights Case was whereby 5 gentry men refused to pay the forced loan, they were imporisioned without trial which goes aginst Habeas Corpus, which states that no one should go to prison whithout trial.
Sir Robert Heath argued that court has emergency powers of arrest.
They gave the Crown a bad rep, and they were released 1628 -
Last Parlimament before personal rule
- Tonnage and poundage
- Religion
-
The 3 resolutions
Eliot and his group were convicned that King was going to shut down Parliament permantly, therefore burst into the commons held the speaker down by his throat and passed the 2 resolutions:
- anyone bringing arminainism was a capital enemy of king and kingdom
-anyone advicing the king to collect tonnage and poundage is a capital enemy
- anyone paying tonnage and poundage was a capital -
Book of Sports
Angered Puritans suggested other activites to do on Sundays aside from prayer and work -
Prayer Book imposed in 1633
Pissed of Scottish -
Strattford in Ireland
Looked like an Catholic army was being raised. Pym didn't like this, therefore excutued him in 1641 -
John Hampden Case
He refused to pay ship money went to court, despite the judges being selected by Charles, 5/12 voted that Hampden was right that it was illegal, but 7 said no.
Showed how unpopular ship money was -
Burton, Prynne and Bastwick
- punished against libels against bishops
- imprisioned and ears cut off
- due to being gentry men, public where horrified
- Laud's attempt ofn showing the power of the church backfired
-
The Scottish National Convenant
Scottish - Presbyterianin
rejected canons and prayer book
Charles pretended to negotionate but was stringing them along as he prepared for war -
First Bishops War
No fighting, as Charles could not affored war. Earl of strattford was brough t from Irelannd, however due to being away for so long didn'trealise what he next said was stupid. He suggested that Parliament should be call. Well done. -
The Short Parliament
Pym lent the series of grievances, and stated if they wern't met the subsidies wouldn't be greanted. Not helped by Laud implementing a new set of canons.
King thought it was beneath him to argue. -
Irish Rebellion
Strrattford opressive rule ended Catholics went mental and killled 12,000 in total from both massacre and exposure to cold winds due to their homes being destroyed -
Execution of Strafford
Due to his work in Ireland he was put on trial for trechery but simply forced Charlse to agree to his excution. -
The Triennail Act
Says Parliment must be called every 3 years. -
The Ten Propositions
Set of demands, stating that all affarifs of the king should be done with Parlimentry consent.
This is the thing abouth them tutoring his children and deciding who they should marry.
He could never agree -
The root and branch peition
The abolishment of bishops. -
The Grand Remonstrance
Clear invasions of royal prerogative was asked for by Pym.
This is the actual right thing with the King's kids, NOT THE TEN PROPOSITIONS -
5 memers coup
Charles marhces into House of Commons where he isn't allowed and attempted to arrest 5 people inlcuding Pym. The heard this was happening earlier and therefore feld. -
The nineteen propositions
Pym presented to King, King could never agree From 10 to grand remonstance to 19, slowly got more invasive.
Then there was war -
THE CIVIL WAR