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Commen Schools
Horace Mann proposed communities establish common school that were federally funded by tax dollars. They taught self-discipline, tolerance, socialization, improve interpersonal relationships and social conditions. A lot of immigrants came over & they weren't welcomed. Political leaders used these schools reach the new population & to share the values, ideals, and controls held by the rest of society. -
Complusory School Attendence Law
Public school authorities lobbied legislature for Compulsory School Attendance Laws. Parents simply weren't sending their children to school, they were making them work.
These attendance laws gave school officials the power to prosecute parents legally, if they failed to send their kids to school. -
Early Compulsory Educartional Law
Massachusetts: is the 1st state to require every city & town to offer primary schools. This again is to discourage child labor.
Mississippi: was the last state to pass this law in 1917.
This law was similar to the law passed in 1647, under the British. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
4 states segregated public schools were unequal & deprived the kids of equal protection under the la. It was found that segregated schools, "have no place in the field of public education." -
Lawsuits brought on because of Brown
After the decision of Brown was made, parents of kids with disabilities began bringing lawsuit arguing that the school districts were excluding & segregating their children with disabilities. -
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
Educational programs that receive federal financial assistance may not prohibit race or color. -
Elementary & Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Addressed the inequality of educational opportunity for underprivileged kids.
Granted money for programs and resources for disabled children also. -
Public Law 91-230 (Education o the Handicapped Act)
Replaced Elementary & Secondary Education Act of 1965.
Granted money for educational programs & resources like the Act of 1965 did. -
PARC vs. Commen wealth of PA
PARC sued PA for a state law that allowed public schools to deny education to certain children, namely, those who had not "attained a mental age of years. The case alleged due process violations by the state. The agreement was that the state must provide free public education to all children between the ages of 6 & 21 years. Also that the state must provide sufficient education & training for all "exceptional" children. -
Mills vs Board of Education, DC
Pete Mills & 7 students against DC. He was 12 with behavioral issues. The district claimed his issues were an undue burden.
Practice of suspending, expelling, & excluding children with disabilities for the District of Columbia were addressed: No suspensions longer then 2 days without a hearing. Provide all parties with publicly supported educational programs tailored to their needs. -
Wisconsin vs Yoder (supreme Court)
Amish parent's were exempt from laws past 8th grade. -
Title IX Educational Amendment
Educational programs that receive federally funded money must prohibit sex discrimination. -
Congressional Investigation
The investigation found that millions of children were not receiving an appropriate education. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilatation Act 1973
No agency that receive federally funded money or grants can discriminate against an individual with a disability. -
Public Law 94-142 (Education for All Handicapped Children's Act)
The law focused on ensuring that children with disabilities have access to education and due process of laws.
Procedural Safeguards Booklet was created. -
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District vs. Rowley
A court case concerning the interpretation of the EAHCA of 1975. Amy was a deaf student whose school refused to provide a sign language interpreter. -
Irving Independenent School vs. Tatro
The courts held that the provision of CIC was a 'related service' & not a 'medical service' under the EHA. -
PL 99-457 (Part B) The Education of the Hannicapped Ammendments
it added preschool children to the PL 91-230 provisions. -
Wills Policy Regular Ed Intiative
"Educating Children with learning Problems: A shared Responsibility." A speech given by the Assistant Secretary for the Offive of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, in Wisconsin (1985). it was published in Exceptional Children in Feb. 1986.
Madeline C. Will -
Honig vs. Doe
A California school violated the EAHCA when it indefinitely suspended a student for violent & disruptive behavior that was related to his disability. -
Danial R. R. vs State board of Education
LRE: A handicapped boy and his parents urge that the school district's refusal to place the child in a class with non-handicapped students violated the EHA. The court disagreed with the parents. -
IDEA
Replaces "handicap" with "disability" -
PL 101-336 ADA
It extends previous civil rights legislation by providing a clear mandate to end discrimination against people with disabilities in all areas of life. -
Amendment 14 (REVISED) Consitution of the USA (1789)
No state should deprive any person of life, liberty, or property. without due process of the law. nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. -
Oberti vs Board of Ed. Clementon
Established inclusion with supplementary aids and services as the presumption because of its fundamental value of the right to public education for children with disabilities. -
HR Tech Act
Congress passed this legislation to increase access to, availability of, & funding for assistive technology through state efforts & national initiatives. -
Oberti vs Board of Education (Clementon)
Because of this case a test was established was established to determine if a school is in compliance with the IDEA.
Mainstreaming -
IEP Process is amendended
Regular classroom teachers have access and are included in the IEP process. -
PL107-110 (No Child Left Behind)
Provides an education that meets a child's unique needs (designed instruction) & prepares the child for life after school (transitioning).
Protects the rights of both the child with disabilities and their parent. -
Title Three
ELL Language Instruction for Limited English Proficient and Immigrant Students.
ESL in 1984 -
Roncker vs Walter
LRE: In this case that's school thought the student would benefit from a special school for mental retardation. The parents disagreed. The Us district court decided that the school district had the best interest of the student. The student didn't show enough progress.