History of the Internet

By mrhughes57

  • Telegraph

    Invented by Cooke and Wheatstone. It used Morse Code to communicate.
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    Transatlantic Cable

    Allowed direct instantaneous communication across the Atlantic. Cables still connect all continents as a main hub of telecommunications.

  • Telephone

    Invented by Alexander Graham Bell. This is the backbone of Internet connections. Modems provide digital to audio conversions. Computers connect over these networks.
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    Cold War

    U.S. vs. Soviet Union. This caused us to push to lead the world in technologies.

  • Sputnik Launch

    U.S.S.R. launched Sputnik as the first artificial satellite.

  • Advanced Research Projects Agency

    The U.S. forms the ARPA in the department of defense. The ARPA was created to build military skills in computer technology.
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    Space Race

    The Space Race was the race to put mankind into space. It was between the U.S and the Soviet Union.

  • Dr. JCR Licklider heads ARPA.

    Licklider made the use of computers more interactive. Moved contracts from the private sector to universities. He put in early work for the ARPANET.
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    Packet-Switching

    Originated in militaries. Used for security in transferring information of networks. If one route is down. another route can be followed. These networks can withstand large scale destruction.

  • ARPANET- Nodes

    Launched four nodes and a test. UCLA, Standford Research Institute, UCSB and U of Utah.

  • ARPANET- IMPs

    Small computers were created called Information Message Processors. They spoke the same language and were connected together.

  • Email Program Created

    Ray Tomlinson invents an email program to send messages across a distributed network. It had intra-machine email program (SNDMSG) and an experimental file. It ran on ARPANET

  • Global Networking

    First international connections to the ARPANET by England and Norway.

  • TCP

    Packets become the main mode of transfer. Transmission Control Protocol specified. Telenet was the first commercial verson of ARPANET.

  • Email hits 100

    Email becomes available to researchers in computer science from THEORYNET.

  • News Groups

    USENET established. 3 new groups established by the end of the year.

  • Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol created.

    Created for ARPANET by Defensive Communications Agency and ARPA. One of the first definitions of an internet as a connected set of networks.
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    Growth

    In 1983 they start using meaningful names for nodes. In 1984 the number of hosts breaks 1,000. Domain Name Server created. In 1986, NSFNET was created to provide high-computing power for all.

  • First Relays Between A Commercial Electronic Mail Carrier and the Internet

  • Dial Up Access

    First commercial provider of internet dial up access appears.

  • Surf's Up

    Number of hosts breaks 1 million. "Surfing the internet" created by Jean Armour Polly

  • Mosaic

    User friendly front end to the world wide web. Develops into Netscape, the first popular web browser before internet explorer was released.