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Telegraph
Invented by Cooke and Wheatstone. It used Morse Code to communicate. -
Period: to
Transatlantic Cable
Allowed direct instantaneous communication across the Atlantic. Cables still connect all continents as a main hub of telecommunications. -
Telephone
Invented by Alexander Graham Bell. This is the backbone of Internet connections. Modems provide digital to audio conversions. Computers connect over these networks. -
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Cold War
U.S. vs. Soviet Union. This caused us to push to lead the world in technologies. -
Sputnik Launch
U.S.S.R. launched Sputnik as the first artificial satellite. -
Advanced Research Projects Agency
The U.S. forms the ARPA in the department of defense. The ARPA was created to build military skills in computer technology. -
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Space Race
The Space Race was the race to put mankind into space. It was between the U.S and the Soviet Union. -
Dr. JCR Licklider heads ARPA.
Licklider made the use of computers more interactive. Moved contracts from the private sector to universities. He put in early work for the ARPANET. -
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Packet-Switching
Originated in militaries. Used for security in transferring information of networks. If one route is down. another route can be followed. These networks can withstand large scale destruction. -
ARPANET- Nodes
Launched four nodes and a test. UCLA, Standford Research Institute, UCSB and U of Utah. -
ARPANET- IMPs
Small computers were created called Information Message Processors. They spoke the same language and were connected together. -
Email Program Created
Ray Tomlinson invents an email program to send messages across a distributed network. It had intra-machine email program (SNDMSG) and an experimental file. It ran on ARPANET -
Global Networking
First international connections to the ARPANET by England and Norway. -
TCP
Packets become the main mode of transfer. Transmission Control Protocol specified. Telenet was the first commercial verson of ARPANET. -
Email hits 100
Email becomes available to researchers in computer science from THEORYNET. -
News Groups
USENET established. 3 new groups established by the end of the year. -
Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol created.
Created for ARPANET by Defensive Communications Agency and ARPA. One of the first definitions of an internet as a connected set of networks. -
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Growth
In 1983 they start using meaningful names for nodes. In 1984 the number of hosts breaks 1,000. Domain Name Server created. In 1986, NSFNET was created to provide high-computing power for all. -
First Relays Between A Commercial Electronic Mail Carrier and the Internet
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Dial Up Access
First commercial provider of internet dial up access appears. -
Surf's Up
Number of hosts breaks 1 million. "Surfing the internet" created by Jean Armour Polly -
Mosaic
User friendly front end to the world wide web. Develops into Netscape, the first popular web browser before internet explorer was released.