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Electronic Digital Computer (Hardware Developments)
Credit: John Vincent Atanasodd and Clifford Berry
Idea: First electronic digital computer
Importance: Computers would become the basic nodes of the future internet -
Period: to
Internet Developments Time Span
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FORTRAN (Software Developments)
Inventor: John Backus and team
Event: Development of Fortran
Importance: First high-level computer language -
Communication Satellite (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Echo in use
Idea: First communication satellite launched
Importance: International Communications became faster and more accessible -
Packet Switching Networks (Important Ideas)
Credit: Leonard Kleinrock
Idea: Packet Switching Networks
Importance: Messages could be divided into packets and sent over many different routes to their destination before being rejoined. -
Modem (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Bell 103 Modem
Idea: First Commercial Modem
Importance: Dial-up connections made possible -
WAN (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Thomas Marill and Lawrence Roberts
Idea: Set up of the first Wide Area Network
Importance: Connecting computers between remote sites was a vital step to development of a true internet -
Hypertext (Important Ideas)
Credit: Ted Nelson
Idea: Hypertext
Importance: Text could be used to link to other text -
ARPANET (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Bob Taylor
Event: First steps taken to set up ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)
Importance: US universities linked to exchange information -
ASCII (Development in Protocol)
Event: First full version of the American Standard Code for Information Interchange published.
Importance: A standard data code that can be understood by all machines -
WAN (Hardware Developments)
Credit: British National research Lab
Event: First WAN to use packet switching
Importance: More efficient use of network links is made possible -
NCP (Development in Protocol)
Inventor: Steve Crocker and Network Working Group
Event: First use of the Network Control Protocol
Importance: Standard rules to link computers -
FTP (Development in Protocol)
Event: File Transfer Protocol
Importance: Standard rules to transfer files -
EMAIL Software (Software Developments)
Inventor: Ray Tomlinson
Event: First email software
Importance: the beginning of message communication -
TCP (Development in Protocol)
Inventor: Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn
Event: Introduction of Transmission Control Protocol
Importance: Rules to control file movement on the internet set standards allowing easy communication -
Cray Supercomputer (Hardware Developments)
Change: First Cray supercomputer developed
Event: 8MB memory 160 megaflops speed $8.8 million price
Importance: Concept of servers required the idea of a major central computer able to handle the traffic -
Gateway Packet Switching (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Vint Cerf, Bob Kahn etc.
Event: First widespread use of gateway packet switching technology
Importance: Computers of different types could now “talk” to each other -
TCP and IP (Development in Protocol)
Inventor: Vint Cerf, Steve Crocker and Danny Cohen
Event: Transmission Control Protocol divided into TCP (error handling and data) and IP (routing)
Importance: More complex transfers are possible -
MUD (Software Developments)
Inventor: Richard Bartle and Roy Trubshaw
Event: First Multi user domain
Importance: People of similar interest able to confer electronically -
Hypertext Database (Important Ideas)
Credit: Ted Nelson
Idea: Hypertext database
Importance: Linked data could be made accessible through queries -
Internet Relay Chat (Software Developments)
Inventor: Jarkko Oikarinen
Event: Internet Relay Chat written
Importance: Chat sessions now possible -
DNS server (Hardware Developments)
Credit: Paul Mockapetris
Event: DNS server (Jeeves)
Importance: Servers now able to handle domain names instead of IP addresses -
ARPANET (Hardware Developments)
Change: ARPANET split
Event: Military and civilian sectors
Importance: First commercial Internet possible (took until 1991 to remove military restrictions) -
Internet Security (Development in Protocol)
Inventor: Jeff Case, Mark Fedor, Martin Schoffstall and James Davin
Event: Demonstration of need for internet security- Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol
Importance: Exapnsion of the internet makes security a priority -
Country Link (Hardware Developments)
Change: Fiber optic transatlantic link in use
Event: Europe to North America link
Importance: Fast, rapid digital data transfer established -
WWW (Improtant Ideas)
Credit: Tim Berners-Lee
Idea: World Wide Web
Importance: Suggested a graphical internet that would be easier to use -
ARPANET (Hardware Developments)
Change: ARPANET ends
Event: Cease operation
Importance: End of the ‘old’ internet concepts -
WWW (Software Developments)
Inventor: Time Berners-Lee
Event: First WWW software
Importance: Graphical internet makes it more user-friendly -
Archie (Software Developments)
Inventor: Peter Deutsch, Alan Emtage and Bill Heelan
Event: Archie released
Importance: Concept of a search engine begins -
Java Programming Language (Software Developments)
Inventor: Jim Gosling
Event: Java programming language
Importance: A language understood by computer of many different types -
Surfing the Net (Important ideas)
Credit: Jean Armour Polly
Idea: Surfing the net
Importance: Provided a term to explain how users could brows in the internet environment -
Mosaic Search Engine (Software Developments)
Inventor: March Adreessen
Event: Mosaic search engine
Importance: A popular search engine for the WWW -
Netscape (Software Developments)
Inventor: Mosaic Corporation
Event: First version of Netscape released
Importance: Free web browser
