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First school for Special Education
The first special education school in the United States was the American Asylum for the Education and Instruction for the Deaf and Dumb in Hartford, CT. At that time, "dumb" meant only "unable to speak" but in early America almost all those who were born dead never learned to communicate with others expect by home- made signs, and deaf people were often regarded as cognitively impaired as well. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka is a very well know U.S. Supreme Court decision that ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional and unequal. This decision highlights the U.S. Supreme Courts role in affecting changes in national and social policy. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Association for Children with Learning Disabilities
A resourceful group of parents joined forces at a national conference held in Chicago in 1963. There they formed the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities, a nonprofit organization whose thousands of members include individuals with learning disabilities, their families and the professionals who work with them. The common concern is the recognition of the dire need for services for their children, services that did not exist. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
ESEA enacted in 1965, is the nation’s national education law and shows a longstanding commitment to equal opportunity for all students. It authorized state-run programs for eligible schools and districts eager to raise the academic achievement of struggling learners and address the complex challenges that arise for students who live with disability, mobility problems, learning difficulties, poverty, or transience, or who need to learn English. -
Special Olympics
Special Olympics is the world's largest sports organization for children and adults with intellectual and physical disabilities. The organization provides year- round training and competitions to athletes in 172 countries. The first games were held on July 20, 1968 in Chicago, Illinois. https://www.specialolympics.org/ -
Section 504
The Rehabilitation Act, Section 504 is a U.S law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability. The law protects the rights f those with disabilities in programs and actives that receive federal financial assistance. No person with a disability can be excluded or denied benefit from any program, either public private. -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
Education for all Handicapped Children Act also known as Public Law 94-142, was enacted by the U.S Congress in 1975. The act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities.The law required free, appropriate public education (FAPE) in the least restrictive environment, This later will be renamed The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. It is similar protections against discriminations with jobs, school, transportation, and all public and private placed that are open to the general public. This law allows for people to get the accommodations they need, which can range from special education to ramps on buildings for wheelchair access. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=36&v=ckJbZk1A9-0 -
No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind Act reauthorized Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA). This Act increases the role of the federal government in guarnteeing the quality of public education for all children in the U.S with an emphasis on increased funding, and new measures to hold schools accountable for their students' progress and in the role of standarized testing. -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act 2004
Congress amended IDEA by calling for early intervention for students, greater accountability and improved educational outcomes. It also required states to demand that local school districts shift their special education funds toward general education if it were determined that a disproportionate number of students from minority groups were placed in special education for reasons other than disability. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66g6TbJbs2g
