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Compulsory Attendance Education Laws
By this date, all states had compulsory attendance laws put in place, however children with disabilities were often excluded from public schools. Parents and advocacy group led the way in seeking educational rights for their children with disabilities in future court cases. -
Brown vs Education
This landmark case prohibited segregation in public schools on the basis of race. It was a major victory for this civil rights movement. This decision had a huge impact on rights for minorities and affected many aspects of educational law and procedure. After this decision, parents of children with disabilities began to bring lawsuits against their school districts for excluding or segregating children with disabilities. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act provided federal funding to assist states in education students as part of the war on poverty. This law was the first time the federal government provided direct funding to the states to assist in education certain groups of students. -
Education of the Handicapped Act
This Act expanded state grant programs for children with disabilities and continued to fund pilot projects and the state and local level. It also provided grants to institutions of higher education to train special education teachers. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
The court held that because segregation in public schools by race was illegal, it would be unconstitutional for the D.C. Board of Education to deprive students with disabilities from receiving an education. the court also clearly outlined due process procedures for labeling, placement, and exclusion of students with disabilities. -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
This required the State of Pennsylvania to provide students between the ages of 6 and 21 with mental retardation with a free appropriate public education. This set the stage for continued developments regarding the educational rights of students with disabilities. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
This Act prohibited discrimination against a person with a disability in programs that receive federal funding. a "handicapped' person was defined as any person who has a physical or mental impairment that limits one or more of that person's major life activities, or a person who has a record of such an impairment. -
Educational Amendments
This law was greatly influenced but the PARC and Mills decisions. The purpose was to require that each state receiving federal special education funding establish a goal of providing full educational opportunities for all children with disabilities. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This Act provided federal funding to states that agree to educate eligible students with disabilities. It established the rights of eligible students with disabilities to a free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment, It also required schools to develop an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) and established procedural safeguards. -
The Handicapped Children's Protection Act
This Act allowed parents to recover attorney's fees if they prevail in a due process hearing or court case. -
Education of the Handicapped Amendments
This amendment created federal incentives to educate infants (birth through 2) using early intervention strategies. It also required all eligible infants and toddlers with disabilities to have an individualized family services plan (IFSP). It also extended the EAHCA's Part B programs to 3 - 5 year olds. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education
This ACT added traumatic brain injury and autism as a new disability categories under the IDEA. It also added a transition requirement to the IEP for students age 16 or older. It changed to "people first" language. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
This Act defined a "highly qualified" special education teacher. It also removed the short-trm objectives requirement from IEP's, except from students with severe disabilities. It also encouraged the use of response-to-intervention model to determine if students were learning disabled.