-
American School For the Deaf
After Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet had met Dr. Mason Fitch Cogswell's daughter named Alice, which was deafened as a child; he embarked on a journey to Europe to learn the art of education of deaf children. Gallaudet encountered Laurent Cler which was a remarkable, deaf teacher. Both Gallaudet and Cler founded the first permanent school for the deaf. The original name was The Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons.
[https://www.asd-1817.org/] -
Period: to
History of Special Education and Inclusive Education Timeline by Yasmin Arrojo
-
Plessy v. Ferguson
Homer Plessy refused to move from the car reseved for white passengers and was charged with violating the Separate Car Act. Plessy asked the Louisiana Supreme Court as well as the United States Supreme Court if Lousiana's Separate Car Act was constitutional and both believed it was constitutional. This decision justified racial segregation in the United States.
[https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/plessy.html] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vsDTqtyiNZk] -
Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
Founded by a group of students who wanted to support and improve the educational success of children with disabilities as well as children with talents. The organization began with twelve members but is now the largest international organization dedicated to advocating for children with exceptionalities. The CEC advocates for professional standards, providing professional development and setting appropriate government policies.The CEC helped pass the EAHCA. [https://exceptionalchildren.org/] -
The Arc
The arc was founded by parents who believed that people with developmental disabilities deserved to be included in communities and to be happy just like anyone else. The arc advocates for and with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities as well as serving people as well as their families. The arc also makes sure these people have the appropriate services and support to be fully engaged in their communities.
[https://thearc.org/] -
Brown v. Board of Education
Linda Brown was a third-grade student who was denied acceptance into white schools and had to travel longer distances. Thurgood Marshall who was a lawyer for the NAACP argued that segregation of schools violated the 14th amendment. The case was placed on hold because the justices were divided The case resumed and Earl Warren continued to rewrite the court's decision until a unanimous opinion was reached that separate schools were unequal.
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1siiQelPHbQ&t=51s] -
Elementary and Secondary Act (ESEA)
This act was passed by President Lyndon B. Johnson which provides vulnerable students with additional resources and protects students from disadvantaged backgrounds to have equal access to public education. This act established free or reduced lunch, encouraged states to create and make changes for improvement for students with disabilities, and placed additional teachers in disadvantaged communities. [https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oii/nonpublic/eseareauth.pdf] -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act (VRA)
A federal law was passed to prevent discrimination against a student with disabilities when using federal funding. This law also prohibits discrimination in employment, and health and social services. The VRA provides greater opportunities in communities, educational institutions, employment and independent living.
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vT9pKlcTQMg] -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA)
The EAHCA requires that all public schools that accept federal funds must provide free appropriate public education for children with disabilities. This act also requires that students with disabilities must be provided with an individualized education program. It is known as the mainstreaming law and defines the least restrictive environment. Children with mental or physical disabilities must be provided with one free meal a day.
[https://www2.ed.gov/policy/speced/leg/idea/history.html] -
Individuals With Disabilities Act (IDEA):
IDEA warrants that all children with disabilities are provided with a free, appropriate education. This act also requires that parents discuss decisions about learning needs the child needs and develop an Individualized Education Program. IDEA allows parents to request copies of the child's records and protects the confidentiality of these records. This Act also requires transition
services and adds new categories.
[https://sites.ed.gov/idea/] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XMndYNEGFA&t=1s] -
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
ADA is a civil rights law signed by President George H.W. Bush. that prevents discrimination towards people with disabilities in state and local government, employment, transportation, public accommodations, and commercial facilities. ADA also includes people with HIV as a disability to be protected under this law. Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in the private sector as well. [https://www.ada.gov/] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XX3F3idDA0] -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
The NCLB act is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The major focus was to close the achievement gaps between minority and less advantaged students and their more advantaged classmates. This act also makes schools be held accountable for the academic progress of all the students attending. It also emphasizes the academic progress of students in special education, English language learners, and less advantaged students.
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg]
