History of Special Education and Inclusive Education Timeline

By rbrakk002

  • Elementary School and Secondary Education Act (ESEA

    Supports many initiative that helps low-income families to gain access to high quality education
    Includes provisions for free and reduced lunches and additional teachers in disadvantaged communities
    Applies to children who need additional support to benefit from public school education programs.

  • Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children, PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

    Challenged the constitutionality of excluding individuals with mental retardation from public education and training. The state was not allowed to "deny to any mentally retarded child access to a free public program of education and training."

  • Mils v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

    Mils v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
    Children should not be excluded from public schools; the state is to provide "adequate alternative education services" as well as "prior hearing and periodic review of the child's status, progress, and the adequacy of any educational alternative." (348 F. Supp., at 878) The courts are required schools to describe the curricula, objectives, teacher qualifications, and supplemental services that are needed.

  • Vocational Rehabilitation Act

    Defines Handicapped person
    Defines appropriate education
    prohibits discrimination against students with disabilities

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

    Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in the private sector
    Protects equal opportunity to employment and public services, accommodations, transportation, and telecommunications
    Defines disability to include people with AIDS Americans Disabilities Act

  • Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

    Renamed and replaces
    Establishes "people-first" language for referring to people with disabilities
    Adds two new categories of disability: autism and traumatic brain injury
    Requires states to provide bilingual education
    Requires states to educate students with disabilities for transition to employment, and provide transition services
    Requires the development of individualized transition programs for students with disabilities by the time they reach the age of 16

  • Elementary and Secondary Education Act Update 2002

    The No Child Left Behind law—the 2002 update of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act—effectively scaled up the federal role in holding schools accountable for student outcomes. No Child Left Behind

  • Individual with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)

    Allows districts to use a response-to-intervention (RTI) model for determining whether a child has a specific learning disability, and no longer requires that a child have a severe discrepancy between achievement and intellectual ability to qualify
    Increases federal funds to provide early intervention services to students who do not need special education or related services
    Eliminates use of short-term objectives in an IEP except for students who do not take statewide achievement assessments

  • Winkelman v Parma City School District

    The Supreme Court decided that parents may pursue IDEA claims on their behalf independent of their child's right.

  • Every Student Succeeds Act

    In December 2015, Congress passed the Every Student Succeeds Act to replace NCLB. ESSA moved in the opposite direction—it seeks to pare back the federal role in K-12 education. [No Child Left Behind(]https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/no-child-left-behind-overview-definition-summary.html)