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Individuals with disabilities are sent to jails and poorhouses
Between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries individuals with disabilities were forced into jails or poorhouses. During this time there was many discussions by professionals on how to treat, cure and house these individuals. In the late nineteenth century is when these professionals began the work to create institutions that can house these individuals while working towards a cure. -
Am. School for the Deaf Opens
The school's founder, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, decides to voyage to France after meeting Dr. Cogswell and his daughter Alice. When Gallaudet returns from France with a talented French teacher for deaf students, Laurent Clerc, they begin their exemplary work in establishing a permanent school for the deaf in the United States. The school opens its doors to children with disabilities in Hartford, Connecticut.
AMSD -
Compulsory Education Laws Passed
By 1918 all of the states in the United States passed a compulsory education law. These compulsory laws were enacted to ensure that all children within a certain age range had access to affordable, basic public education. Each state has different minimum and maximum age limits for students to enter and exit the public schooling system. -
NARC is Established
The NARC (originally called the National Association of Parents and Friends of Retarded Children) was initially started by parents of children with disabilities to meet and were the first organization to raise money towards research intellectual and developmental disabilities. The group then intensifies their advocacy and calls for Congress to support their research plan. The group later pushed for the Supplemental Security Income, as well as Medicare and Medicaid.The group is now called The Arc -
ESEA Passes
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act is passed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. This act initiated the role of the federal government as protector and provider of students from disadvantaged backgrounds. This act supported students from low-income families to high-quality education, and free and reduced lunches. This also supports children who need additional support in their education. -
VRA Passed
The Vocational Rehabilitation Act (P.L.93-112) was passed to prevent any private organization that uses federal funds from discrimination against an individual with disabilities. This act describes what a handicapped person is as well as an appropriate education. This Act prohibits schools that are federally funded from denying a student with disabilities on the sole basis of their disability. -
Education Amendments Act
This act allowed states to receive federal funding to create programs for gifted and talented students. This act is the first federal funding for these programs. This act also allows families the right for due process in concern of special education programs. -
EAHCA Passed
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act requires that all states provide children with disabilities a free and appropriate public education. This is the first act that describes least restrictive environments and introduced the Individual Educational Plan (IEP). This act is also known as the Mainstreaming Law, in which states are required to ensure that students with disabilities are, when appropriate, integrated into the general education classroom. -
IDEA Enacted
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act was enacted to replace EAHCA. Requires states to provide bilingual programs, educate students to transition to employment, and the development of individualized transition programs for students with disabilities by the time they reach 16. This act also includes autism and traumatic brain injury (TBI) while extending due process, confidentiality of students and parents, and special education services. While establishing people-first language. -
IDEA Addendum
The Individuals with Disabilities Improvement Act was updated to extend the use of developmental delay to 9 years of age, allow special education staff to assist in general education classrooms, and limit the conditions that attorneys can collect fees. This addendum also required that schools assume greater responsibility for students with disabilities, and general education teachers to be a member of the IEP team. This is to further promote the mainstreaming of students with disabilities. -
IDEIA Enacted
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act was passed to allow districts to use the Response-to-Intervention (RTI) model. As well as to increase the funds to provide early intervention to students who do not need special education. While also raising the standards for special education licensure. IDEIA Breakdown