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First school of special education
In 1817 the first special education school in the United States, the American Asylum for the Education and Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb (now called the American School for the Deaf), was established in Hartford, Connecticut, by Gallaudet. -
Council for exceptional children
The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) is a professional association dedicated to improving the educational success of children with disabilities and/or gifts and talents. Its members include special education teachers and administrators, professors, related service providers, paraprofessionals, and parents.
It is dedicated to helping improve the education for all disabled people by advocating policies, educating the public, and setting professional standards. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (P.L. 89-10)
President Johnson, a former teacher, believed that equal access to education was important in enabling children to become productive citizens. This landmark legislation specifically authorized the federal government to equalize educational opportunities of all children by directing federal education dollars to the most disadvantaged children living in poverty. In addition to creating a federal role in directing public education dollars to policy goals, such as eliminating poverty. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act (VRA) (P.L. 93-112, Section 504)
This federal civil rights law prohibits discrimination of individuals with disabilities in any program receiving federal funding. This Act defines "disability" differently than the 13 categories specified in the IDEA. Students determined to have a mental or physical disorder substantially limiting a major life activity may be eligible for protection under Section 504, and may receive an Accommodation Plan to ensure opportunity and access comparable to normal peers.
https://youtu.be/ULmCGI0tndI -
Educational Amendments Act (P.L. 93-380)
Public Law 93-380, Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA), affords students certain rights with respect to their education records. These rights include:
1. The right to inspect and review the student’s education records within 45 days of the day Moberly Area Community College receives a request for access.
2. The right to request the amendment of the student’s education records that the student believes are
inaccurate or misleading. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) (P.L. 94-142, Part B)
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975, is the landmark federal legislation pertaining to the education of children with disabilities. The law guaranteed a “free, appropriate public education” to all children and young adults. This law had a positive impact on millions of children with disabilities in every state and each local community across the country. It defines least restrictive environment.
https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/idea35/history/index_pg10.html -
The Learning Disabilities Foundation
The Learning Disabilities Foundation is a tax-exempt public charity established in 1979 dedicated to providing funds for research and education and the promotion of public awareness of both children and adults with learning disabilities. The purpose of the Foundation is to provide support for charitable, scientific, literary or educational purposes, and for the accurate identification, ongoing evaluation and complete education of, and services for, children and adults with learning disabilities -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School v. Rowley
The U.S. Supreme Court held that the Education of the Handicapped Act of 1974 as amended by the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, did not require that the special instruction and supportive services provided under the law by state governments to disabled students be designed to help them achieve their full potential as learners. Instead, it was sufficient that the instruction and services be such as “to permit the child to benefit educationally from that instruction.” -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 101-476)
The 1990 Amendments (Public Law 101-476) renamed the legislation as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and added traumatic brain injury (TBI) and autism to the category of disabilities. The transition plan is included as part of the IEP to allow for a coordinated set of activities and interagency linkages to promote the student’s movement to post school functions, such as independent living, vocational training, and additional educational experiences. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
Increases accountability and flexibility in use of federal funds,
offers school choice options, implements early reading
interventions.
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was the main law for K–12 general education in the United States from 2002–2015. The law held schools accountable for how kids learned and achieved. The law was controversial in part because it penalized schools that didn’t show improvement.
