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American school for the Deaf
In 1817, the first school for disabled children (disability being deaf) was founded in Hartford, Connecticut. This school still exists to date in providing comprehensive educational programs and services for deaf and hard of hearing students. The school currently provides educational services for students aged 3-21 years old. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Supreme Court ruled that school segregation by race was not constitutional. Thurgood Marshall argued cases for the plaintiffs. He argued how segregation was inherently discriminatory and emotionally damaging. He provided facts from psychological studies, one that found black children preferred white to brown colored dolls. This successful ruling opened the doors for what later became known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. -
Bureau of Education for Handicapped
This was created to coordinate activities for students with disabiities. The Handicapped Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) initiated the role of the federal government in protecting and providing students from disadvantaged backgrounds so that they would have equal access to the public education system. For example, free and reduced lunch system! -
Bilingual Education Act
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bilingual-Education-Act Provided funding for bilingual programs and training. This funding helped to train teachers with programs to better assist teaching students in learning English. This Act was controversial since prior, students were being deprived of an education if they were taught in a language they did not understand. Bilingual programs were later known to show respect for the non native English speaking students culture. -
PARC vs. Pennsylvania
The state was not allowed to deny to any mentally retarded child access to a free public program of education and training. Prior to this ruling, public schools had the right to deny a free education to children who had reached the age of 8 but had not yet reached the mental age of 5. The language used during this case is now considered outdated as they referred to the intellectually disabled as mentally retarded. -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
President Gerald Ford signed into law the Education for All handicapped Children Act. This guarantees a free and appropriate public education to each child with a disability in every state. This act also removed the stigma that mentally handicapped children were unsuitable for education. This Act will later be known as IDEA. -
FAPE
Free Appropriate Public Education through an individualized education program (IEP.) FAPE was created to provide a child with a disability opportunities to achieve academic success. FAPE was created to prepare students with disabilities for the future. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA was previously known as the Education for all Handicapped Children Act(EHA). IDEA was made for students with disabilities to be provided with public education that is tailored to their individual needs(IEP). The IEP evaluates the students present level of academic performance and how it would affect the child's involvement in the general education curriculum. This Act was created for kids with disabilities be provided with the same opportunity for education as those who do not. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child left Behind Act (NCLB) was signed by President George W. Bush. The focus of NCLB was to improve student achievement through annual standardized assessments of students. This was done to quantify education progress by making schools accountable for students performance. This was created to ensure no child is left behind regardless of gender, race or economic status. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i69cO5Ku_7Y This law replaced the NCLB Act. This act was created to ensure that school ratings are based on the progress of all groups of students. This Act provides funding for states to audit assessment systems. This Act also allowed states to set a cap on the limit the time students spend on taking tests.
