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Perkins
Perkins Institution for Board was the first school for the blind established in the United States. The school was originally named the “New England Asylum for the Blind;” and it was incorporated on March 2, 1829. Perkins plays an important role in the history of education in America. The name was eventually changed to Perkins School for the Blind. -
Columbia Institution
A college is authorized and named the National College for the Deaf and Dumb with the signing of the law by President Abraham Lincoln. The Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and Blind became the first college in the world established for people with disabilities. The institution would eventually be renamed Gallaudet College, and then Gallaudet University. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
The Supreme Court upheld the Louisan separate car act. Though this is not directly related to education, this did set the precedence and controversial of “separate but equal” doctrine for assessing the constitutionality of racial segregation laws. -
Council for Exceptional Children
The Council for Exceptional Children is the first advocacy group for children with disabilities. It is one of the largest special education advocacy groups. The main objective of this group is to ensure that children with special needs receive free appropriate public education (FAPE) The Council for Exceptional Children is the largest internationally recognized professional organization devoted to improving the educational experience of students with gifts and talents or disabilities. -
The Bradley Home
The Bradly Home the first psychiatric hospital for children in the United States. It was established in East Providence, Rhode Island. The hospital was named for George and Helen Bradley's only child, Emma Pendleton Bradley, who was born in 1879. This facility was designed to help individual children with a variety of mental disorders is undoubtedly a place of healing.
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Brown vs Board of Education
A landmark court case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson case saying that “Separate is not equal”. This court case brought attention to black v. white’s in school and special need students v. general education students. This case encouraged the formation of many advocacy groups to inform the public of need of special education programs. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=26&v=g41X6_XY1rQ&feature=emb_logo -
ESEA
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) did not make it law to educate students with disabilities but it did give grants to state school sand institutions that put into place programs to educate students with disabilities. -
PARC v. Penn
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v.Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, sided in favor of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in state-run institutions. PARC v. Penn called for students with disabilities to be places in publicly funded school settings that met their individual educational needs, based on a proper and through evaluation. -
Section 504
Vocational Rehabilitation Act Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows Students to be eligible when they have either a physical or mental disability that inhibits their learning experience. This law includes FAPE and LRE and it is the first law giving protection to students with special needs. https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/your-childs-rights/basics-about-childs-rights/section-504-of-the-rehabilitation-act-of-1973-what-you-need-to-know -
Educational Amendments Act
Educational Amendments Act (P.L. 93-380)
President Gerald Ford has cleared the way for increased Federal spending for education of children with disabilities. State funding for students with disabilities and students who are gifted and talented, due process rights for students/families. -
EAHCA
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) (P.L. 94-142, PART B). Requires free and appropriate education for students with disabilities (ages 5-18) and IEPs. This act made sure that all students with disabilities are educated in public schools. EAHCA included providing free educations, supplemental services, due process, zero reject, and least restrictive environment. http://www.specialednews.com/the-history-of-special-education-in-the-united-states.htm -
LRE
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) means that with a student’s IEP, they must also be in as many regular education classes as possible. This ensures that the student has social experiences. In LRE classrooms paras and aids are usually required. https://youtu.be/kobIDxIk9Iw -
Handicapped Children’s Protection Act
Signed by Ronald Regan the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act was a law that gave parents of children with disabilities more say in the development of their child’s Individual Education Plan (IEP) -
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments (P.L. 99-457); these amendments expanded the provisions of P.L. 94-142 to include infants/toddlers and preschool children with disabilities. The enactment of P.L. 99-457 provides a challenge to the field of education of the deaf and to early childhood educators to re-examine basic assumptions about the range of services, the professionals providing those services, and the role of families who have children with hearing impairments. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (P.L. 101-336) was signed into law by President George W. Bush. The act promises people with special needs will have the same rights as everybody else. This includes both school and work. This act also stated that people with special needs cannot be discriminated against in schools, the workplace, and everyday society such as public transportation. -
IDEA
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.(IDEA) (P.L. 101-476);signed into law by George W. Bush Replaces EAHCA, establishes person-first language, expands special education services and provisions for due process and confidentiality, adds autism and traumatic brain injury categories, provides bilingual education, requires transition services and planning. http://www.specialednews.com/special-education-dictionary/idea---individuals-with-disabilities-education-act.htm -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 105-17).
Requires students with disabilities to receive services even if expelled, allows use of developmental delay category through age 9, requires access to general education curriculum and state/district-wide testing, IEP team includes a general education teacher and a behavior plan (if warranted), offers mediation options, limits attorney’s fees. https://youtu.be/9vyxp6S5ohA -
NCLB
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was signed into law by President George W. Bush. This law states that all students should be proficient in math and reading by 2014. Increases accountability and flexibility in use of federal funds, offers school choice options, implements early reading interventions. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
(IDEIA) (P.L. 108-446) Allows RTI model to determine presence of a learning disability and no longer requires use of the severe discrepancy model, increases funding to early intervention services for students who do not require special education, eliminates IEP short-term objectives for some students, raises special education licensure standards, adopts polices to prevent over-representation of minority students in special education. -
ESSA
Every Student Succeed Act (ESSA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama; it is the nation’s main education law for all public schools. The law holds schools accountable for how students learn and achieve. The purpose of this act was to replace and update the No Child Left Behind Act which was signed into law in 2002. The purpose is to provide all children significant opportunity to receive a fair, equitable, and high-quality education, and to close educational achievement gaps.
