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Brown VS. Board of Education
This decision was huge of the U.S. Supreme Court. The court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional. This was true even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act was put in place in order to provide federal general aid for education. It also was meant to provide resources that help disadvantaged students have a good education. This act allowed more families to have access to public education.
https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/ (WEBSITE) -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was sued by the Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens. This was because of a law that gave public schools the authority to deny a free education to children who had reached the age of 8, but hadn’t reached the mental age of 5. This law was unfair and a disadvantage to many families.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/parc-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania-in-1972-summary-significance.html (VIDEO) -
Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia
The court ruled that students with disabilities must be given a public education even if the students are unable to pay for the cost of the education. The case established that "all children are entitled to free public education and training appropriate to their learning capacities". This was a big decision as it ensured free public education for all students. -
Section 504
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows protection from discrimination of special needs and disabilities. This law is considered the first law giving protection to students with special needs. Students are eligible for this protection when they have either a physical or mental disability that effects their learning experience. -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975 is a law. It requires public schools to provide appropriate educational services for all children with disabilities between ages 3 and 21. EAHCA has been strengthened and grown over the years. (#4 OF ASSIGNMENT) -
Americans With Disabilities Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in different areas. These areas include employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and access to state and local government' programs and services. This allows for many more job opportunities for people with disabilities. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Also known as IDEA. IDEA ensures that students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education that is tailored to their individual needs. “IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act from 1975 to 1990.” -
No Child Left Behind Act
This act increased the federal role in holding schools accountable for the academic progress of all of their students. It also focused on ensuring that states and schools increase the level of performance of certain groups of students, such as special education students. States did not have to comply with these requirements, but if they decided not to comply, they risked losing federal Title I money. (#4 IN ASSIGNMENT) -
Amendment to IDEA Act
Congress amended IDEA by calling for early intervention for students. This meant there would be a greater upheld accountability and successful educational outcomes. It also raised the expectations for trenchers who teach the special education courses.