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Plessy vs. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 US 537 was a landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal". "Separate but equal" remained standard doctrine in U.S. law until its repudiation in the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
A landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTGHLdr-iak -
Association for Children with Learning Disabilities
On April 6, 1963, a group of parents had a conference in Chicago. Professionals and parents shared a common concern: the recognition of the dire need for services for their children, services that did not exist.
The underlying assumptions put forth provided the frameworks for legislation, theories, diagnostic procedures, educational practices, research and training models. The term "Learning Disabilities" was selected.
http://www.ncld.org/ http://acd.org.au/ -
Mills vs. Board of Education of the District of Colombia
Mills was a civil action brought in the federal US District Court for the District of Columbia on behalf of seven special-needs school-age children who sought their right to a free public education, which was being denied by the District of Columbia School Board. The court ruled that students with disabilities must be given a public education even if the students are unable to pay for the cost of the education. The case established that they are entitled to free public education. -
Rehabilitation Act
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (often just called the “Rehab Act”) prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs run by federal agencies; programs that receive federal financial assistance; in federal employment; and in the employment practices of federal contractors. The law also established the Access Board (section 502). Later amendments strengthened requirements for access to electronic and information technology in the Federal sector (Section 508). Section 510 was added. -
Education for all Handicapped Children
This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. Public schools were required to evaluate disabled children and make educational plans with parent input that would emulate as closely as possible the educational experience of non-disabled students. The act also required that school districts provide administrative procedures to help parents make decisions about their child. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public.The purpose of the law is to make sure that people with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as everyone else. It gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was a U.S. Act of Congress which reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. This was proposed by President Bush. The bill aimed to shorten the achievement gaps between students by providing each child with fair and equal opportunities to achieve an exceptional education. The act was an extensive statute that funded primary and secondary education. -
Assisstive Technology Act
The Assistive Technology Act was first passed by Congress and signed by the President as the Technology-Related Assistance Act of 1988. It’s often called the Tech Act for short and has been reauthorized in 1994, 1998, and 2004. An assistive technology device is any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a law ensuring services to children with disabilities throughout the nation. IDEA governs how states and public agencies provide early intervention, special education and related services to more than 6.5 million eligible infants, toddlers, children and youth with disabilities. Part B of the IDEA governs services to children with disabilities, ages 3 through 21. Part C governs services to infants and toddlers with disabilities.
