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history of spain
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reig of Carlos iv
The French Revolution of 1789 marked his reign, but that did not prevent him from continuing with the line of enlightened reforms, promoted by both the monarch and Godoy, truncated by Napoleonic interference and the internal instability that it caused. -
Battle of Trafalgar
Off the coast of Cádiz, the naval battle of Trafalgar was one of the largest in history. Spain, allied with Napoleonic France, had declared war on the United Kingdom, but the troops of British Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated the Franco-Spanish fleet. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
allowed French troops to cross Spain in order to occupy Portugal (an ally of Great Britain). However, Napoleon took advantage of the treaty to occupy part of Spain too. -
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Reig of Fernando vii
He revealed himself as an absolutist sovereign and, in particular, as one of those who least satisfied the wishes of his subjects, who considered him an unscrupulous, vengeful and treacherous person. Surrounded by a clique of sycophants, his politics were largely oriented toward his own survival. -
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Latin america independence
Americans began their revolutions taking advantage of the situation in Spain (War of Independence against France). After a few years, Spain lost its hegemony and other independent countries were formed all over Latin America. -
Revolt of Aranjuarez
Godoy tried to move the Spanish royal family to Sevilla in order to protect them from the french troops. This caused a popular revolt This event forced Carlos IV to dismiss Godoy and abdicate in favour of his son, Fernando VII. -
Second of May Uprising
the people of Madrid rose up against the French occupation but they failed to overthrow the French. Despite their defeat, other parts of Spain were encouraged by their actions and the Spanish War of Independence began. -
First spanish constitution
The Constitution was did it by Cádiz Cortes this led to limiting the power of the monarchy, the abolition of feudalism, equality between peninsulars and Americans and ended the Spanish Inquisition. -
Treaty of Valencay
The agreement provided for the restoration of Ferdinand VII as King of Spain, who had been imprisoned in France, in the Château de Valençay, since his abdication in 1808. -
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The absolutist phase
Fernando VII abolished the Constitution of 1812 and re-established absolute monarchy. -
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The liberal phase
a coup led by Riego succeeded. Fernando VII was forced to reinstate the Constitution of 1812 and to guarantee the freedoms that had been suppressed during the previous phase. -
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The ominous decade
Fernando VII asked the Holy Alliance for assistance. They sent a French army, the ‘100 000 Sons of St Louis’, who defeated the liberals. Fernando VII re-established the absolute monarchy and persecuted the liberals. -
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Carlist war
took place because Fernando VII’s brother Carlos claimed the throne, and did not accept Isabel II as queen. He was supported in the war by the absolutists Isabel II in exchange for the government becoming more liberal -
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THE REIGN OF ISABEL II
Absolutism ended in Spain with the reign of Isabel II. She established a liberal constitutional monarchy, supported by the liberal political parties: the Moderates and the Progressives. -
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The provisional government
They approved the Constitution of 1869; the 19th-century Spain’s most democratic constitution. It introduced universal manhood suffrage, freedom of religion, and guaranteed a range of other rights and freedoms. -
Glorious revolution
led by Admiral Topete and Generals Prim and Serrano. The uprising was well supported in all the major cities in Spain. It was successful, and Isabel II was forced into exile. -
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The constitutional monarchy
Amadeo of Savoy, the son of the Italian king, Victor Emmanuel II, was named King Amadeo I of Spain. In the end, Amadeo abdicated because he faced opposition from both the Republicans and the supporters of Alfonso, Isabel II’s son. -
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The First Republic
the Cortes proclaimed Spain a republic In December of 1874, there was another military revolt which aimed to bring back the Bourbons, and the First Republic ended. -
THE BOURBON RESTORATION
after a military uprising which proclaimed Alfonso XII (Isabel II’s son) king of Spain. The person behind the Bourbon Restoration was the politician Cánovas del Castillo, who re-established a constitutional monarchy -
Creation of PSOE
Created by the Ferrol-based typographer Pablo Iglesias Posse, constituting one of the oldest workers' parties in Europe, only surpassed by the Social Democratic Party of Germany. From its beginnings, it aspired to unite the Spanish industrial proletariat under Marxist ideology. -
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The regency of María Cristina
Cánovas del Castillo and Sagasta signed the Pact of El Pardo, an agreement to support the regency of María Cristina of Austria. -
Creation UGT
The UGT was founded by a group of thirty-two delegates, representatives of forty-four trade societies.during a workers' congress that took place at the Jovellanos Theater, coinciding with the celebration of the Barcelona Universal Exhibition -
Disaster of ‘98
originated from a colonial conflict, the war with Cuba and the Philippines. After the war, Spain lost the last of its overseas colonies, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. -
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The reign of Alfonso XIII
he was faced with a series of problems which eventually led to the end of the constitutional monarchy established by his father Alfonso XII. -
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War in morroco
the Spanish government decided to regain international prestige by trying to obtain new territories Spain’s presence in Morocco was opposed by the local population, which led to the outbreak of war -
Tragic Week
Spanish reservists were sent to the war in Morocco and in Barcelona there was a popular protest led by workers and families of soldiers. -
Annual disaster
Spanish troops were defeated at Annual in Morocco, and many soldiers lost their lives. Spanish public opinion was very critical of the army because of its defeats in Morocco