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427
Plato's Birth date
He was the first peson to ever to make an all-embracing system of philosophy. Plato said we have three parts to our soul: reason, spirit and appetite. -
460
Birth of Hippocrates
Birth year of Hippocrates. He created he code of ethics. He believed that four temparaments form personality:
Sanguine (Cheerful/active)
Melancholic (Sad)
Choleric (Angry/Aggressive)
Phlegmatic (Calm/Passive) -
470
Birth date of Socrates
He was very influential in the moral law of West Europe and in todays Psychotherapy. His findings are used to day in helping patients. "Socratic Questioning" is used today to reach the source of one's issue -
John Locke Birth Date
He is mainly remembered today as a politicl philosopher. He also studied medicin. He wrote the "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" which is one of his most famous work on psychology. -
Wilhelm Wundt's Birth Date/ Structuralism
Regarded as the Father of Psychology. He wrote "Principles of Physiological Psychology" in 1874 which gave ideas on the procedures in psychology experiments. He associated with Structuralism, which described the structures that make up the mind. -
William James and Functionalism
Best known for his work in pragmatism and Functionalism. He is often called the Father of American Psyxxchology. He published various workes, such as "The Principles of Psychology" and "The James-Lange Theory of Emotion".
Functionalism: He disgarded Introspection and focused on the entire event, and how the environment may effec behaviour. -
Sigmund Freud
He is the founder of psychoanalysis. Known for the works "The Psychopathology of Everyday Life" and "The Ego and the Id". His main work was focused on the theory of psychosexual development and other ideas such as the Id, ego and superego. He also proposed cultur may have effet on behaviour. -
Mary Whiton Calkins
Known for her work in self-psychology and her invention of the paired-associate technique. She was also the first APA President. During her entire career she wrote hundreds of papers on psychology and philosophy. -
Edward Titchener and Introspection
Comonly known for his work in Structuralism and Introspection. He was one of Wundt's student. He introduced Wundt's Structurism to the US, yet Titchener's theories differed to Wundt's, therefore some historians suggest Titchener might have misunderstood or misrepresented his mentor's findings. -
John Watson
Famous and Infamous for his wellknown experiment called "Little Albert". According to him, psychology should be the science of observable behaviour. He was the first to truley study behavioursim, which later took over psychology.
His theories are still used today.
He published "Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviourist". -
BF SKinner
Unlike Watson, he proposed that we do have a mind, yet it is more productive to study the observable behaviour than what happens in our head. He saw classical onditioning as a method whch was way too simplistic to understand the entire human mind. He studied Operant Conditioning, observinf actions which occur intentionally and may effect the surrounding environment.
He created "Skinner's Box" to cary out experiments of operant conditioning on rats. -
Aristotle's Birth
He was the student of Plato. He rote the first known text of Psychology called Para Psyche. Much of its contents are influenced in today's psychology. He proposed the mind is the primary reason to the functioning ad existence of the body.
