History of Management

By WJudnick

  • Principles of Scientific Management

    F.W. Taylor was the first person to add the scientific theories to the principles of business management. Taylor earned the title "father of scientific management" based off the four principles and theories of his that were the beginning of business management (Feiss, 1924).

  • Henry Ford- Impowers employees to become customers

    Henry Ford introduced a system that gave the employees a shorter work day consisting of 8 hours and gave them almost double their pay. Those changes allowed the company employees to become Ford customers and created a strong culture among all of the employees (Wernle, 2013).

  • Henri Fayol - General Administration Theory

    Henri Fayol published his own theories on chains of command, separation of functions, and the importance of planning in business management. With a scientific background and classical approach, Fayol's theory included the 5 functions of management and the 14 principles of management (Jones, 2014).

  • The Hawthorne Studies

    The studies were conducted at the Hawthorne works of the Western Electric Company. The studies main two findings were: The experimenter effect & the social effect. Both provided new insights to individual and group behavior at work. They also concluded that group pressures can significantly impact productivity (Porter, 2012).

  • The Great Depression

    Stock prices started to plummet with little hope for recover. Mass panic struck and people were all trying to sell their stocks. However, noone was buying, the market which had been looked at as the most common way to become rich soon became a road to bankruptcy. Retrieved from http://history1900s.about.com/od/1930s/p/greatdepression.htm

  • The Mother of Management

    Marry Parker Follet was given the nickname the "mother of management" bacause she recognized that organizations could be viewed for both individual and group prospectives. She believed employees should be given some freedom in the way that they perform their tasks but also be given some input on how a task may be best performed (Jones, 2014).

  • Dave Packard and Bill Hewlett's "HP Way"

    The "HP Way" was based off of several guiding principles. One was for the policy of long-term employment. HP had went to great lengths to avoid laying people off of work.They lowered the pay and the length of the work day while doing so. The effect was it strengthed the employees innovation and trust when it came to the organization (Jones, 2014).

  • The Science Management Theory

    Science Management Theory is a contemporary approach to business management that focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to help managers maximize the use of organizational resources to produces goods and services efficiently. It is looked at as a branch off of Taylor's tree (Jones, 2014).

  • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

    Abraham Maslow used his own motivation in order to see what motivated others and their needs. He published his theory called "A Theory of Human Motivation". His ranking in the list from least important to most important went in this order: physiology, saftey, love, esteem, and self actualization (Berl, 1984).

  • The founding of the International Organization for Standardization

    The founding of the IOS is the international standard-setting body made up of represntatives from various national standard organizations. It created the IOS 8402:1994, that standardized a management approach of an organization centered on quality. Through the participation of all its members, the organization. sought long term success based on the customer satisfaction and the benefits received by members of the organization

  • Theory X and Theory Y

    Following WWII many studies showed how assumptions of workers' behaviors and attitudes rub off on not only managers' behavior but the organization as a whole. Theory X and Y were developed by Douglas McGregor. Theory X- the average worker dislikes work, is lazy, and will do the least about possible ti get by. Theory Y- workers are not inherently lazy or dislike work and they will do what is best for the organization (Jones, 2014).

  • The Contigency Theory

    This theory was develpoed by Tom Burns, G.M. Stalker, Jay Lorsch, and Paul Lawrence. It contained the simple message that there is no single way to best organize a company. The organizations control system and structures that management chooses depends on the characteristics of the external environment (Jones, 2014).

  • Project Management Institute (PMI)

    The Project Management Institute was created to give a wide range of services to the Project Management profession. These included: development of standards, research, education, networking opportunities, hosting conferences, training seminars, and maintaining multiple credentials in project management. PMI has grown vastly and many mebers. They also have an influence on many trends in management.

  • Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance

    Tom Gilber published "Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Perfomance". It outlines his previous behavioral engineering model and asserts that accomplishment specification is the only logical way to define performance requirements. He also states accomplishments are the best tool for development of perfomance based jobs. Harvard Business Review (2012). Retrieved from http://hbr.org/2012/11/great-moments-in-managment

  • Porter's 5 Forces Model

    Micheal Porter created the 5 forces analysis "How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy". This became the framework for industry and business strategy development. Suppliers, Buyers, Potential Entrants, Industry Competition, and Substitues were the 5 forces that he thought best fit the strategy for business and industry development. Harvard Business Review (2012).

  • Five Dimensions Theory

    Geert Hofstede came up with his own "cultural dimensions theory" that laid for the framework for cross cultural comparisons. The effect of society's culture on members of an organization and shows their values and includes 5 dimensions (Blodgett, 2008).

  • Senge's Five Disciplines

    Peter Senge published "The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization", it focused on group problem solving that used the systems thinking method to create learning organizations. The 5 disciplines were: Shared Vision, Mental Models, Personal Mastery, Systems Think, and Team Learning (Elkin, 2011).

  • Total Quality Management (TQM)

    TQM is an organization-wide effort to install a permanent climate that always improves its ability to deliver high quality goods and services to the customers. TQM is a quantitative approach that evolved from math and statistical solutions developed for military problems during WWII. W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Duran's ideas became the basis for TQM. Retrieved from http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/total-quality-management/overview/overview.html

  • The Family & Medical Leave Act

    This Act requires that employers provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave for medical and family reasons. These reasons include paternity and ilness of a family member.This Act is one of the major equal employment opportunity laws affecting HR Managment (Jones, 2014).

  • Critical Chain Management Project

    Critical Chain Management Project (CCMP) is a method for planning, and executing projects in single and multi-product environments. CCMP was developed by Dr. Eli Goldratt and was introduced to the market in his theory of constraints book "Critical Chain". It was a response to many projects that had failed in the past.