-
Public Education Reform
Horace Mann pioneered reforming public education to be K-12. -
1st Systematic Efforts to Edcuate Gifted Students
William Torrey Harris, an educational philosopher and superintendent of public schools in St. Louis, institutes initial efforts to educate gifted students. -
Binet-Simon Tests Developed
French researches, Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon develop tests to identify children's intelligence. The tests were first of their kind to identify intelligence into a numerical value. The purpose was to separate the students into special classrooms. -
Stanford-Binet Test Published
Lewis Terman, a psychologist at the Stanford Graduate School of Education, revised the Binet-Simon test. The Standford-Binet test was published with the intellegence quotent. He is considered the "father" of the gifted education movement. -
Army Alpha and Beta Created
During World War I, the government started using intelligence testing. It was administered to over one million recruits to quickly help sort the recruits into their ideal roles. -
1st Gifted Education Textbook Published
Leta Hollingworth, and educator and psychologist, publishes "Gifted Children". -
National Defense Education Act
In response to the Soviet Union launching Sputnik into space, the federal government passed the National Defense Education Act. This increased funding in math, science, and technology. It also established funding for higher education and low cost student loans. -
Gifted Education at the State Level
California is one of the first states to fund gifted education at the state level. -
Office of Gifted and Talented
Within the U.S. Office of Education, the Office of Gifted and Talented is established. -
Three Ring Conception of Giftedness
Joseph Renzulli, a professor at the University of Connecticut identifies three key characteristics that contribute to gifted behavior: above-average ability, task commitment and creativity. This developmental approach states that if a child posses a combination of these traits are gifted. -
Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner, a psychologist at Harvard, publishes "Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences." His theory states that people can have multiple intelligences and there are 8 different types of intelligences. -
Jacob Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act
Javits was passed by the federal government to support and develop gifted and talented students. It does not fund state level programs. -
No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) passed as reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This expanded statewide grants. The definition of gifted and talented is adjusted.