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Used by Elder sophists, who were a small group of teachers. The Sophists primarily used lecture and a group discussion method to solve problems.
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This method states that one is born with intelligence, and that intelligence is brought out through questioning
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This method was established by P. Abelard that brought philosophy and theology together. https://www.ligonier.org/learn/articles/peter-abelard-and-the-development-of-scholasticism/
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Theory established by Johann Amos Comenius, is the idea that a methodical procedure could be applied to all problems. Photo credit: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Johan_amos_comenius_1592-1671.jpg
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Locke believed that a child's mind was a blank slate and could be cultivated and molded through the adults and environment around him. Photo credit: https://nationalinterest.org/feature/was-john-locke-really-liberal-15900
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This system was developed by Joseph Lancaster. This system included details of classroom and subject matter organization.
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Froebel's principles were associated with the kindergarten system of early education.
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Johann Pestalozzi developed a three step method of instruction that would lead to development of insight. Photo credit: http://www.jhpestalozzi.org
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Herbart used many of the previous theorists to build his ideas on, and developed a systematic psychology of learning and instruction. Photo credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Johann_Friedrich_Herbart_(3).jpg
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The first catalogs of film were created and professional organizations for visual instruction were established.
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This movement was first started by IBM to be use in public schools.
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Benjamin Bloom established a hierarchy of learning outcomes that could be classified based on the anticipated learner behavior.
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Created by Robert Gange´, this describes teaching activities essential for promoting any type of learning outcomes.
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This is an instructional systems design model used as a systematic approach to developing learning. Analysis
Design
Develop
Implement
Evaluate -
Constructivism emphasized the idea that one can design authentic learning tasks. This is a concept that is being more accepted today with the onset of things like virtual reality, and performance support systems
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Computer-based systems that provide workers with specific job tasks.
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This is a field that continues to grow, and there is agreement that this isn't just a classroom online. Instruction must be different for online learners. Much progress has been made in this area since inception.
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