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10,000 BCE
Oral Communication
One of the earliest means of formal teaching.
In Ancient times,stories,folklore,history and news were passed through oral communication.
In Ancient Greece,oratory and speech were the mean to teach and learn.Homer's Illiad and the Oddysey was memorized by listening,not writing or readin. -
700 BCE
Written Communication-7th Century BC
The role of written communication has an ancient and long history in education.
It is believed first time Witten communication was used by Moses with a stone chisel.
Even though several Greek Philosophers opposed writing,it actually provided arguments with less distortions and made them more accessible. -
1500
Written Communication-Pringting Press,15th Century
The printing press is a device that allows for the mass production of uniform printed matter, mainly text in the form of books, pamphlets and newspapers. Created in China, the printing press revolutionized society there before being further developed in Europe in the 15th Century by Johannes Gutenberg and his invention of the Gutenberg press.
With printing press invention,people in government and business were required literate and analytical.Thus,it caused rapid growth in formal education. -
Broadcasting and Video-Radio
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began broadcasting educational radio programs for schools in the 1920s.
The first adult education radio broadcast from the BBC in 1924 was a talk on Insects in Relation to Man, and in the same year, J.C. Stobart, the new Director of Education at the BBC, mused about ‘a broadcasting university’ in the journal Radio Times -
Broadcasting and Video-TV(Motion Picture)
In 1932,first instructional TV program was aired at the State University of Iowa.Around the same times,16mm sound motion picture was developed and this served as workhorse during the audio-visual movement of that time.
In 1969, the British government established the Open University (OU), which worked in partnership with the BBC to develop university programs open to all, using a combination originally of printed materials,tv and radio programs made by the BBC but integrated with the courses. -
History of Computers
Abacus-3000BC
Calculators-1600s
Punched Card Devices-1800s
First Electronic Computers-1940s
Mainframes-1950s
Minicomputers-1960s
Microcomputers-1970s
Microcomputer systems(Personal Computers)-1980s
Internet-1990s -
Computers-1st Generation
World's first electronic digital computer.
Programming and assembly language.
4K Memory. -
Computers-2nd Generation
Used transistors,developed by Bell Labs.
Up to 32K memory. -
Computers-3rd Generation
Used integrated circuits,3 million bytes memory.
Lower cost,smaller size,faster processor.
In the late 1970s, Murray Turoff and Roxanne Hiltz at the New Jersey Institute of Technology were experimenting with blended learning, using NJIT’s internal computer network. They combined classroom teaching with online discussion forums, and termed this ‘computer-mediated communication’ or CMC (Hiltz and Turoff, 1978). -
Computers-4th Generation to Today
1971-Intel develop 4004,first micro-processor chip.
1975-Altair,first personal computer.
1976-Apple is formed,sold 50 Apple I.
Every year,more storage and memory size with faster processors,up to today. -
Internet Protocols-HTML and World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee developed HTML and WWW was officially launched in 1991.
The World Wide Web is basically an application running on the Internet that enables ‘end-users’ to create and link documents, videos or other digital media, without the need for the end-user to transcribe everything into some form of computer code.
In 1995, the Web enabled the development of the first learning management systems (LMSs), such as WebCT (which later became Blackboard). -
Social Media
Social media are really a sub-category of computer technology, but their development deserves a section of its own in the history of educational technology.
Social media promotes self-directed learning, which prepares students to search for answers and make decisions independently. When reinforced in a classroom setting, these social media skills can be guided and refined to produce better learning outcomes and critical awareness. -
