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450 BCE
Elder Sophists
The Sophists were freelance teachers and first instructional technologists. Their theory of education was based upon the evolution of man through civilization and societal properties. (Saettler) -
399 BCE
The Socratic Method
Socrates created the method of inquiry which is to explore moral conduct through questioning. (Saettler) -
1130
Abelard
Abelard lead the path for what we commonly know as formal education today. He allowed his students to explore subjects on a deeper level and gave them "the freedom to arrive at heretical conclusions." (Saettler) -
Comenius
Wrote a series of textbooks and lead curriculum reforms. (Saettler) -
Orbus Pictus
The first picture book to aid in the learning process of Latin and science. (Saettler) -
Lancasterian Monitorial Instruction
Joseph Lancaster created a detailed plan for classrooms that included organization, economic management, and grade level curriculum for group instruction which differed from the individualized approach prior to the 1800s. (Saettler) -
Pestalozzi
Pestalozzi organized instruction based on the stages of natural human development and incorporated sensory impression from nature. (Saettler) -
Froebel
Created kindergarten. Created an educational system that simulated play to the children through arts and crafts, games, and songs. (Saettler) -
Herbartian Method
Believed in Locke's blank tablet theory. Identified three levels of learning: sensory activity, previously formed ideas are reproduced, and understanding. (Saettler) -
School Museums
Visual instruction via portable exhibits were used as supplemental curriculum materials. (ReiserID1) -
Visual Instruction
Films and pictures used for instructional purposes were kept in school museums. (ReiserID1) -
Audiovisual Instruction / Instructional Radio
World War II helped the progression of audiovisual and radio advancement. from 1943-1945 hundreds of training films and flimstrips were produced to train the troops. The same mediums were used to train civilians in the US for factory jobs. (ReiserID1) -
Instructional TV
Instructional TV began in the late 1950s and grew in the 1960s. This form of media brought instruction into the homes of those with a television. -
Touchscreen Technology (added from my own research)
Touchscreen technology is a more tactile form of learning and communicating that began developing in the late 1960s. Florence Ion - Apr 4, 2013 1:00 pm U. T. C. (2013, April 4). From touch displays to the surface: A brief history of touchscreen technology. Ars Technica. Retrieved September 11, 2022, from https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/04/from-touch-displays-to-the-surface-a-brief-history-of-touchscreen-technology/ -
Touchscreen Technology
Touchscreen technology was initiated in the late 1960s and was introduced to the classroom in 1971. Touchscreen technology is a more tactile, interactive way to communicate. Florence Ion - Apr 4, 2013 1:00 pm U. T. C. (2013, April 4). From touch displays to the surface: A brief history of touchscreen technology. Ars Technica. Retrieved September 11, 2022, from https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/04/from-touch-displays-to-the-surface-a-brief-history-of-touchscreen-technology/ -
Computers
Computers were used for training and research as early as the 1950s, but they became more common in the general public in the 1980s. (ReiserID1) -
The Internet
The internet has increased the interest in instructional media as well as the access to educational resources. The internet has been particularly helpful with training in businesses and industries. (ReiserID1) -
Social Media (added from own research)
Social media is more accepted for of educational technology. A great way to communicate with others, there are groups and forums that provide support and tips. The evolution of technology in the classroom. Purdue University Online. (n.d.). Retrieved September 11, 2022, from https://online.purdue.edu/blog/education/evolution-technology-classroom -
Augmented Reality in Education (added from my own research)
Augmented reality adds sounds, videos, and graphics into an environment that already exists. AR is used in business for prototyping, researching, developing, and training. This technology is also used across industries for production in engineering, surgical visualization in healthcare, etc. Augmented reality in education: Interactive classrooms. Maryville Online. (2021, March 18). Retrieved September 11, 2022, from https://online.maryville.edu/blog/augmented-reality-in-education/