-
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (1973)
A blueprint for how the school will support a student with a disability and remove barriers to learning.
A roadmap that details changes to the learning environment to enable students to learn alongside their peers.
Provides services and changes to the learning environment so students can learn without segregation.
504 -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1975)
To provide a free appropriate public education (FAPE) to children with disabilities.
Schools my provide special education and related services to qualifying students with disabilities at no cost to the family.
Students were no longer able to be denied the opportunity to attend school because they had a disability.
IDEA Video -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (1975)
Support states and localities in protecting the rights of, meeting the individual needs of, and improving the results for infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities and their families.
Schools accepting federal funds were required to provide equal access to children with disabilities along with one free meal per day.
Children were given equal access to school to get an education
Video -
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley, 458 U.S. 176 (1982)
The Court held that an IEP must be reasonably calculated for a child to receive educational benefit, but the school district is not required to provide every service necessary to maximize a child’s potential. Because of this disparity between the child's achievement and her potential, the court held that she was not receiving a FAPE.
https://specialeducationlawyernj.com/special-education-law/landmark-cases-in-special-education-law/ -
Honig v. Doe, 484 U.S. 305 (1988)
The student claims that he was deprived of his educational rights under the Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA) when he was suspended indefinitely from a public high school for violent and disruptive conduct related to his disability. The court clarified the procedural issues designed to protect children from school officials, parent role, stay put, that schools shall not expel children for behaviors related to their handicaps.
https://libguides.uah.edu/c.php?g=263629&p=1760044 -
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Prohibits discrimination against individuals on the basis of disability. This includes schools, transportation, employment, and place that are open to the general public.
A person may not be discriminated against because they have a disability. This discrimination is not allowed in schools, employment, transportation, and public areas.
Access to school could be withheld from students with disabilities if the school district determined it was unable accommodate the special needs student. -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) (2015)
Holds public schools accountable for how students learn and achieve. Provides an equal opportunity for students who get special education services.
Ensure public schools provided quality education for all students. Schools held accountable for student achievement.
Special education students are given a quality education with individual need taken into account.
ESSA -
Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District RE-1 (2017)
The scope of free appropriate public education (FAPE) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a school must offer an [individualized education program (IEP) that is reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child’s circumstances.
https://sites.ed.gov/idea/questions-and-answers-qa-on-u-s-supreme-court-case-decision-endrew-f-v-douglas-county-school-district-re-1/