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Birth of Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat, India, on 2 October 1869 -
Gandhiji thrown out of the Train in South Africa
Gandhi experienced his first taste of racial discrimination. On his way to Pretoria, a white man objected to Gandhi's presence in a first-class carriage, he was ordered to move to the van compartment at the end of the train. Gandhi, who had a first-class ticket, refused, and was thrown off the train at Pietermaritzburg. Shivering through the winter night in the waiting room of the station, Gandhi made the decision to stay on in South Africa and fight racial discrimination against Indians there. -
NATAL INDIAN CONGRESS FOUNDED
Out of deference to Dadabhai Naoroji, Who had presided over the Indian National Congress in 1893, Gandhi called the new organization Natal Indian Congress.- Aimed to fight discrimination against Indians in South Africa.
- Introduced "SATYAGRAHA"
- satyagraha was to become one of the great political tools of the 20th century, influencing the civil rights movement in the United States and the African National Congress in its early years of struggle against apartheid in South Africa.
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Gandhi Arrives India
A hero’s welcome awaited Gandhi when he landed at the Apollo Bunder in Bombay. The Government of India joined with the people of India in showering honours on Gandhi. He received a "Kaiser-I-Hind" gold medal in the King’s birthday honours list of 1915. He spoke at the conventions of the Indian National Congress, but was primarily introduced to Indian issues, politics and the Indian people by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a respected leader of the Congress Party at the time. -
CHAMPARAN SATYAGRAHA
First Satyagraha movement in Champaran, Bihar. Peasants rose against the unjust plantation system - farmers were protesting their having to forcibly grow Indigo . For the first time on Indian soil Satyagraha was successfully put to the test. RESULT: A committee of inquiry was appointed by the Government - and Champaran Agraria Law (Bihar and Orissa Act I of 1918) was passed. -
KHEDA SATYAGRAHA
Gandhi Begins Advocating on Behalf of Farmers in Kheda Subject to Oppressive Taxation During a Famine. Worked with Vallabai Patel. The peasants of Kheda signed a petition calling for the tax for this year to be scrapped in wake of the famine.The government rejected the charter and warned that if the peasants did not pay, the lands and property would be confiscated. None of the villages flinched. -
AHEMDABAD MILL WORKERS STIKE
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ROWLATT ACT
Authorized the government to imprison, without trial, any persons suspected of terrorism living in the Raj. It gave British imperial authorities power to deal with revolutionary activities.It Curbed Fundamental Rights
AIM:To "emergency measures" (of the Defence of India Regulations Act) enacted during the First World War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy.
RESULT : ROWLATT SATYAGRAHA
AMRITSAR MASSACRE -
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KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
Agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam after World War I. -
ROWLATT SATYAGRAHA
- Jinnah and others felt that Govt had no right to restrict people's freedom.
- Hindu and Muslims were united in their fight against the British
"Satyagraha Sabhas" were set to launch the movement Due to Punjab Riots, Gandhi suspended the resistance believing that Indians were not ready to make a stand in consistence with ahimsa, an integral part of satyagraha -
JALLIANWALA BAGH / AMRITSAR MASSACRE
CAUSE:
The Rowlatt Act : In the Punjab the protest movement against Rowlatt act was very strong, and on April 10, two outstanding leaders of the congress Dr. Satya Pal and Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, were arrested. On the day of Baisakhi, villagers had gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh to protest against the arrest. On hearing that a meeting had assembled at Jallianwala Bagh, Colonel Reginald Dyer ordered
British soldiers to open fire on unarmed Sikhs during prayer service. -
Period: to
NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT
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CHAURI CHAURA INCIDENT
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SIMON COMMISSION
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CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT
