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The Church of England separated from the Roman Catholic Church
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An act that made Ann Boleyn a legitimate queen
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The Pope declared that Ann Boleyn isn’t Henry VIII’s wife and excommunicated Henry VIII
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The king is made « Supreme Head of the Church of England ».
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The crow takes the monasteries’ land and income.
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The smaller monasteries disappear first then the bigger follow the next years.
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A lot of rebellion caused by the dissolution of monasteries
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The council held in the Italian city of Trent.
The Roman Church attempted to correct some of the abuses of the church and condemned protestant heresies. -
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Edward VI pushed England toward Protestantism
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Edward VI became king when he was 9 year old and he died from tuberculosis when he was 15 year old.
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The revision of mass-book lead to the publication of this book. It was introduced by Henry VIII
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This established the idea that the governments had a responsibility for helping the poor but it established a distinction between the « deserving poor » and the « undeserving poor ».
+ very harsh laws against beggars and vagrants -
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Persecution of protestants
-> over 200 protestants are burnt -
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Elizabeth I wanted to return to Protestantism but she needed a compromise for the sake of national unity.
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- abolished the authority of the Pope
- restored the authority of the Queen over the Church
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- every parish had to use the Book of Common Prayer
- people who did not attend an Anglican, service were fined
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Elizabeth give a speech about her being married to her country
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- started the doctrine of the church
- 3 important changes : a new ecclesiology, a new doctrine of Salvation and a new definition of sacraments and of the mass
- still in use today
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Mary of Scots was involved in a civil war in Scotland and had to flee to England. She was prisoner in England for 19 years.
Mary was Elizabeth’s cousin and hier. -
A rebellion against religious reforms and an attempt to remplace Queen Elizabeth I by Mary, Queen of Scots.
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Pope Pius V excommunicated the queen.
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The Pope issued the papal bull « Regnans in Excelisis »
-> give Catholics license to kill the queen with the certainly that it would not be seen as a crime by Rome. -
Catholic were persecuted because Protestantism was associated with patriotism ( and the Pope excommunicated the queen )
-> 163 persons killed during repression during 1577 and 1603. -
A response to the Pope’s attack, a law that made it treason for anyone to say that Elizabeth was not the true queen of England and Wales.
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Francis Drake traveled around the world and discovered an area that he named after the Virgin Queen.
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It provide for the death penalty for any person converting or already converting to Catholicism.
It was now forbidden to participate or celebrate the Catholic Mass. -
Young Catholics had sworn to kill Elizabeth and put Mary Stuart on the throne.
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She was framed for complicity ( Babington plot ) and sentenced to death.
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A speech given by the queen to the troops that reinforced her legitimacy and a proof of the extraodinary qualities of the queen.
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The Catholic king of Spain attempted to invade England but failed.
England wins thanks to a material advantage ( new fleet and new strategy ) and a human advantage ( more sailors ). -
This established the idea that the governments had a responsibility for helping the poor but it established a distinction between the « deserving poor » and the « undeserving poor ».
+ very harsh laws against beggars and vagrants -
This established the idea that the governments had a responsibility for helping the poor but it established a distinction between the « deserving poor » and the « undeserving poor ».
+ very harsh laws against beggars and vagrants -
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Virginia became the first permanent English settlement in North America.