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Creator of the Anglican Church, England's church, with the monarch at its head
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The King's advisor, cardinal Wolsey, is replaced by Thomas Moore.
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The King now has the legal power to annul his own marriage.
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Establishment of the Anglican Church by Henry the VIII after the schism (separation from the Roman Catholic Church). The king is the new supreme Head of the Church of England.
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Declaration ofmarriage with Catherine of Aragon made void and Ann Boleyn new legitimate queen.
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Monasteries in England are disbanded, their income is confiscated and their land which represents aproximately 25% of the English territory is taken by the king.
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Circulation of the Bible in English is authorized and mandatory.
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Nicknamed The Young King because of his age: father died when he was 9, and died himself at 15 years old.
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The mass book is now called the book of Common Prayers, and now protestants rules.
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Nicknamed Bloody Mary, restored catholicism in England in eighteen months.
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Second Act of Supremacy, instituted by Elizabeth I. Forced people with some sort of power to swear allegiance to the queen.
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Restored the Book of Common Prayers, banned by the previous queen. People who didn't attend the anglican service were fined.
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Reign associated with England's golden age. Protestant, and had to appease years of religious tensions in England.
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Written version of the doctrines of the Anglican Church
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Plot led by two catholic Earls in order to replace the Queen with Mary Queen of Scots, her cousin. Did not succeed.
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Pius V writes a papal bull in which he states the queen excommunication. Indirectly says that killing Elizabeth is not a sin and you could still go to paradise if you did.
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Anyone saying Elizabeth wasn't the true Queen of England and Wales was deemed as a traitor.
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New act represses catholics in England: death penalties to catholics and people who converted to catholicism, more fines, etc...
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Cousin of Elizabeth I, and threat to her: daughter of influencial people, raised in France as a catholic, widow of a catholic French king, many plots such as the Babington plot to replace the current queen by Mary Stuart.
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The nicknamed "invincible" armada of Philip II, king of Spain, loses to England's new fleet.
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First King of the Stuart era. Was proclaimed King of Scotland in 1567, and dreamed of having a perfect union between the two countries he was governing, to no success.
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Catholic conspiracy to blow up the King and the Parliament.
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New English translation of the Bible. Only big reform James I ever made regarding the religious situation, despite the tensions.
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Elector Palatine, James I's son-in-law, intends to take the throne of Bohemia instead of the Emperor Ferdinand Habsburg. James supports his son-in-law, which causes England's debt to become even bigger.
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Tensions between the King and the Parliament becomes more and more important, and James end up dissolving the Parliament.
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Ended up executed after the English Civil Wars, which he caused after his actions frustrated the Parliament.
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Forced Charles to recognize his illegal actions (taxation, billeting, martial law, imprisonment without trial) and recognize the limits to his powers. Reluctantly signed it but was furious after the Parliament started discussing the impeachment of Buckingham, the King's military advisor and best friend.
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MP were suspicious of the King's support of the Arminians and his attitude towards them. When the Parliament was ajourned, some MPs did not let the Speaker of the house end the Parliament. These MPs were imprisoned and the Personal Rule starts.
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Charles I governs without calling a Parliament for eleven years.
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The end of the Personal Rule. The religious reforms from Archbishop Laud set Scotland aflame. In order to gather money to fight the Scots, Charles summons the Parliament. The Parliament demanded the King to adress the grievances from the past eleven years first, which leads to its disolvment after three weeks.
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Treaty of Ripon, a peace treaty after the Scots victory against England. Charles summons the Parliament again to pay the scottish army. The Parliament isn't disolved before 1660, and serves as remedy for the past eleven years of grievances. The Parliamentnow has to take place every three years at least, and needs its consent to be disolved.
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Irish Catholics rebel against James I's plantation policy, and massacre three to four thousand people. Rumors say the Irish massacred and tortured more than two hundred thousand people.
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Army placed under the control of a general appointed by the Parliament, which takes away the King's ability to appoints who he wants.
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Summarized Charles's wrongdoings, concluded on "revolutionary" demands. Divided the Parliament in two groups: the parlimentarians and the royalists.
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Wanted to impeach five MPs who he believeed were plotting against the Queen.
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After getting handed to the Parliament, the King is seized by the parliamentarian army after not getting paid
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The remaining MPs, nicknamed the Rump Parliament, put the King on trial for high treason.
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Charles escapes from the army's custody in November 1647. The King allies himself with the Scots by promising to introduce presbytarianism to England, but gets defeated quickly by Cromwell.
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Revenge for the rumors of Irish commited atrocities in 1641. Catholicism is forbidden, Irish priests are arrested and Irish Catholic lands are confiscated.
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The first and only written Constitution of England.
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Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament and orders the MPs to leave
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Start of a military dictatorship, with Cromwell appointed as Lord Protector of England.
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Charles II's Promise of general amnesty, religious toleration and power sharing with the Parliament, as long as he can sit on the throne.
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Not popular, nicknamed the Merry Monarch. Had to deal with disasters, such as the second anglo-dutch war, the plague and the great fire of London.
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Catholic, people worried about that, and hope he dies soon with his protestant daughter as successor. However, his second wife has a catholic son in 1688, which is a threat to the Parliament.
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Parliament invites William of Orange, James' son-in-law, to seize the throne and become King of England, which he does. James II flees to France and William of Orange becomes King William III.
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Allowed most protestant sects to worship freely.
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Governed together as joint monarchs. Promised to accept Parliament's autority and limit the monarchs' powers with the Bill of Rights in 1689
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Ensured Protestant succession.
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Creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England+Wales+Scotland).