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WWII- Systematic Training
At this time training and learning became a necessity because those who were experienced workers were enlisting in the military, leaving the industry in need of filling these positions (Estep, 2008). During this time the train-the-trainer programs were established and included topics on "human relations, job methods, safety, and program development" (Estep, 2008, p.15). This form of systematic training was one of many during this time. Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons (2016). -
1950- After WWII
Human relations training became a need during this time, as the previous training strategies of scientific management were not as motivating to employees post war (Estep, 2008). Behaviorism was established by B.F. Skinner and it led to the training method of individualized instruction based on meeting the individuals needs. Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons (2015). -
Bloom's Taxonomy
Benjamin Bloom introduced Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. This classification of learning is used in all areas of education. "The classification of learning objectives, which describes cognitive, psycho motor, and affective outcomes" (Estep, 2008, p. 18). Image retrieved from Flickr (n.d.). -
Programmed Instruction
During this time the use of technology was being used to increase automating the learning process. Teaching machines were popular and were "electromechanical devices for delivering programmed instruction" (Estep, 2008 p. 22). Image retrieved from Wikipedia (2017). -
Social Movements & Malcolm Knowles
During the 70's there were several social movements that took place which influenced the training world. Trainers took these movements into account and paid attention to social issues. Also during this time Malcolm Knowles published his book, The Adult Learner, which changed the way we view adult learning now as it compares to teaching children (Estep, 2008). Image retrieved from Wikimedia Commons (1976). -
1980's- Increase in Women Trainers
During this time the feminist movement increased the number of women in the training field. "By 1989, women made up 47 percent of ASTD's members" (Estep, 2008, p. 25). With this increase assertiveness training became a popular training topic, as well as teamwork, empowerment, diversity, behavior modeling, and feedback. Image retrieved from Wikipedia (n.d.). -
1990's- Technology Explodes
During this time technology exploded, leading training to the e-learning platform using computer-based training. The use of computer-based training allowed employees to learn at their own pace, bypass sections they already know, and it was more cost efficient. Image retrieved from Flickr (n.d). -
2000's- Combining theories from the past
During this time Knowles's and Bloom's theory's are still holding strong in the field of training. Measurement is another strong theme in the training field with Kirkpatrick's four levels of evaluation (Estep, 2008). Increase in technology is used, as well as traditional learning to improve people's knowledge and skill set. Each of these tools are used to continue to increase the training field. Image retrieved from Pixabay (2017).
