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May 5, 1462
Ivan III
4/5/1462-10/27/1505
1. Changed into Ivan The Terrible
2. Claim the Title Czar
3. General council- low level nobles and merchants
4. Expanded borders and trade
Changed to Ivan the terrible
B- He started a out as an ok leader being the first Czar of Russia. He expanded the boarders and Russia's trade. -
Apr 21, 1509
Henry VIII
4/21/1509-1/28/1547
Death
1. Separation of the Church of england and the Catholic Church
2. He was also a composer and a writer
3. War of roses
4. English Restoration, Made England mostly Protestant
2nd Monarch of the House of Tudor
B- He very much separated the church of england from the catholic church. This gave the protestants much more freedom to worship. This can be a good or bad thing depending on who you are. -
Mar 14, 1516
Charles I
Retire in 1556
1. Italian Wars V France
2. Fought Protestantism
3. Colonization of Americas
4. "Hapsburg Valois-Burgundy"
Hapsburg
B- He was an absolute monarch and refused to consult with anyone on anything. He believed in divine right. Much exploration was done under his command, he also had to sign the peace of augusburg.
secceeded by Phillip II -
Jan 16, 1547
Ivan the Terrible (IV)
1/16/1547-3/28/1584
Mentally ill, Death, Hated
1. Then became ivan the terrible
2. 1560's strict politics
3. Very disliked
4. Brutally Punished anyone who spoke against the Czar
Killed the only Heir to his throne, His sonF- He was Terrible. He became mentally ill, and eventually dying after it. He had harsh politics and would brutally punish anyone that spoke against him. He killed his own son, the only heir to his throne. -
Jan 28, 1547
Edward VI
1/28/1547-6/6/1553
Death of Tuberculosis
1. Norfolk Rebellion
2. Prayer book Published
3. "repealed the Henrician treason"
D- His reign was marked with economic failure and social difficulties. Not many people like him and he lead the country into a war with scotland that they lost, along with sending England into a large debt.
Son of Henry VIII -
Jun 6, 1553
Mary I
6/6/1553-11/17/1558
Death by Cancer
1. Persecution Of Protestants
2. Bloody Mary
3. Married Philip II
D- She was nicknamed bloddy mary for a reason, the persecution of protestants. She was awful to them and treated them with zero respect. She tortured them and took away all of their rights.
Daughter of Henry VIII -
Jan 16, 1556
Phillip II
-Died of Cancer on 9/13/1598
-Colonized Phillipines
-Created Dutch Republic
-Invaded England with Spanish Armada
-Defended Catholic Church
-succeeded by Elizabeth I -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I
11/17/1558-3/24/1603
Died of blood poisoning
1. Last monarch of the tudor family
2. English Protestant Church
3. Did Not produce an heir
4. Golden age
Daughter of Henry VII and half sister of Mary I
A- She was a very great leader, pulling England out of the dark times from Mary I rule. She carried England into a period known as the golden age, a time of great advances and smooth running. -
Henry IV
8/2/1589-5/14/1610
Assasinated by Francios Ravaillac, after other Attempts were made on his life
1. Led Protestant Forces Against French Royal Army
2. Involved in Wars of Religion
3. Edict of Nantes
4. Promoted Much Agricultrure, Undertook many public works and Encoureged education Son of Henry the III
A- Because of his advances in military and economy along with the assistance he gave to the protestants. -
Phillip III
9/16/1598-3/31/1621
reason to leave throne: death
1. Caused much inflation
2. 30 year war
3. protestants
4. Dutch Revolts
C- he was a fairly normal Monarch, although he had some effect on the thirty years war. Hapsburg -
James I
3/24/1603-3/27/1625
Died of a stroke
1. United Scotland and England
2. King James bible
3. Ended wars
4. Great contract
B- James I was a pretty good monarch, uniting the scot’s and English. He also created king james bible.
Son of Mary queen of scots -
Louis XIII
5/14/1610-5/14/1643
Died
1. end to the revolt of the great feudal lords
2. Killed mothers Followers
3.Expansion overseas
4. "Appointed Cardinal Richelieu"
C- Louis XIII ended the revolt of the great feudal lords while also restricting the huguenots. He appointed Cardinal Richelieu who had a major influence on his decisions and power. Most of the decisions that he made were based on cardinal Richelieu.
son of Henry IV -
Micheal I
2/21/1613-7/12/1645
Death
1. First Romanov
2. Took over as Czar because there was no one else
First Kin of Ivan's Wife
C- He was the First of the romanov dynasty and found himself as Czar. -
Ferdinand II
8/28/1619-2/15/1637
Revolt, death
1. Religoious Revolts
2. Nobals of German states rebelled
3. Shutdown 2 protestant churches in Prague
4. Catholic
Hapsburg
C- If you were a catholic you would have liked him much more but overall he was not the most fair ruler. He was very harsh on the protestants, because he was Catholic. -
Phillip IV
3/31/1621-9/17/1665
Reason for leaving throne: death
1. Responsible for the fall of spain
2. Patronage of the arts
3. War of the Mantuan Succession
4. economic crisis
C- He did some good things, like being a patronage for the arts. Although the bad things often outweighed the good things. He was responsible for an economic crisis, the war of mantuan succession and responsible for the fail of spain.
Connection: Hapsburg -
Charles I
3/27/1625- 1/30/1649
EXECUTED
1. Wouldn't help protestants during 30 years war
2. Petition of Right
3. Married Catholic Princess
4. Economical Issues
Tudor
D- He was not a great ruler. He levied taxes that were unfair and not a loud by parliament. He refused to help the protestants during the 30 years war. He sent england into a civil war causing much tension that led to him being the first monarch to be executed. -
Frederick William (The Great Elector)
12/1/1640-4/29/1688
Death
1. Built strong military
2. Gained territory
3. Dutch War
4. strengthen central administration
George William
B- He was well liked by his people and did well for expanding the empire when he took over Silesia. He did well for the holy Roman Empire by expanding it and strengthening the military. -
Louis XIV
5/14/1643-9/1/1715
Died of Gangreene
1. Known as the Sun King. World revolved around him
2. Absolute Moarch
3. One of the longest reigns
4. War of devolution
D- He was very self centered, hence the nickname “sun king”. He was part of the war of devolution.
Bourben Monarch -
Oliver Cromwell
12/25/1653-9/3/1658
Death
1. Led The Roundheads in Civil War
2. Abolished house of Commons and Outlawed Monarchy
3. Lord Protector
4. Limited Entertainment
Was not considered royalty
B- He was more of a war hero then a ruler because of what he did during the english civil war. As a leader he restored parliament kicking out all of the people that disagreed with him. He restored england back to its original state and made it great again. -
Charles II
5/29/1660-2/6/1685
Died
1. Leader after Cromwell
2. Supported Toleration of Catholics
3.Role of Parliament still being developed
4. Church of England=power
C- He was just a normal ruler, not great and not bad. He continued to rebuild parliament and he supported the Catholics instead of persecuting them.
Son of Charles the I -
Charles II (Spain)
9/17/1665-11/1/1700
Died
1. Ruled Entire spanish empire
2. Death Lead to The war of Spanish Sucsession
3. Not the Greatest Ruler
He was the Last of the Hapsburgs to Rule spain
D- He tended to abuse his power, levied taxes without permission. He was generally not the greatest ruler. -
Peter I
5/7/1682-2/8/1725
Death, well liked
1. Peter the Great
2. Modernize Russia/Westernize
3. Defeated the turks after one failed attempt
4. Took many Ideas from west, Made Russia great
Removed his sister from her throne
A- Peter I was arguably one of the best monarchs. His goal was to modernize russia like the rest of Europe, he called this Westernization. He created the city of St. Petersburg, Russia’s first and only warm water port. Along with many other great advances for Russia. -
James II
2/6/1685-12/11/1688
1.Overthrown Not Popular
2. Right to Rule as absolute Monarch
3. English tolerate
Brother Of Charles II
D- He was not a popular ruler and was eventually overthrown. this is because he believed himself to have divine right, so he abused this power and was an absolute monarch. -
Frederick I
4/29/1688-2/25/1713
Death
1. freed his domains from imperial suzerainty
2. First King of Prussia
3. war of spanish succession
4. Cultural growth
son of william Frederick
B- He was the first king of Prussia and led them through the War of Spanish Succession. He also was responsible for much cultural growth. -
William III
2/13/1689-3/8/1702
Death
1. Battle Boyne
2. Ruled with Wife Mary II
3. Glorias Revolution
Husband to Mary II
B- He and Mary II were the first duel rulers. They were responsible for the glorious revolution. -
Mary II
2/13/1689-12/28/1694
Death
1. Duel Ruler with Husband William III
2. Most of Power given to husband
3. Glorious Revolution
Husband To William III, Daughter of James I
B- She helped take England out of the rough times that it was left in and was responsible for the Glorious Revolution. -
Phillip V
11/16/1700-1/14/1724
Died (deep melancholia)
1. Spanish Succesion ruled spain twice
2. Controled France and Spain
3. Louis XIV
C- He was responsible of the spanish succession so he receives a bad reputation for that. Although he did controll france and spain which were both very powerful and wealthy countries. -
Charles VI
8/12/1711-8/20/1740
Death
1. Pragmatic Sanction
2. Holy Roman Empire
3. Never had a Child, No heir
4. Pragmatic Sanction
C- He passed the pragmatic sanction which allowed for a female heir to the throne, his daughter. other then that he was pretty average. -
Frederick William I
2/25/1713-5/31/1740
Death
1. Liked to display his army
2. Freed the Serfs
3. Placed a yearly tax to get financial support for army
4. Set up primary education
son of Frederick I
B- He was overall a pretty good leader and besides when he was flexing his militaries muscles. He was able to free many surfs along with setting up an education system. -
Louis XV
9/1/1715-5/10/1774
Died of smallpox
1. 7 Years War
2. Partly because French Revolution 15 years after his death
C- He did some good and bad things, such as expanding the empire and developing manufacturing and trade. Although he was responsible for the Austrian succession, and the 7 years war.
3.Developed trade and manufacturing
4. Austrian Succession
Great Grandson of Louis XIV -
Maria Theresa
8/20/1740-11/29/1780
Death
1. Promised By Frederick to help husband with H.R.E.
2. had an alliance with hohenzollerns
3. War of Austrian Succession
4. Prussia
C - Helped with financial and educational reforms, but was not religously tolerant and led Austria into a war against Prussia
Daughter of Charles VI -
Catherine II
7/9/1762-11/17/1796
Death
1. Faced war in poland
2. Continued the Westernization started by peter
3. Defeated Poland and took over even more warm water ports
4. Continued Peter the Greats Exelancy
Married Grandson of Peter the Great
A- She took over the throne from her husband, the grandson of peter the great, whom had become corrupt. She restored all of Peter’s ideas and goals, along with continuing the modernization of Russia. -
Louis XVI
5/10/1774-9/21/1792
1. Death, Beheaded
2. Built up the French Navy
3. Created an even bigger debt
4. Passed laws to try to minimize debt
D- Louis XVI had a tendency of spending money that he didn’t have. this caused france to fall into very serious debt. Jean Baptiste saved the country, a brilliant economist.
Grandson of Louis XV
