-
500
The Sophists
Basic tenets of the Sophist Theory and the first "teachers" to develop a technology of instruction through applied analysis. -
Period: 500 to
Educational Technology Timeline
-
Johann Amos Comenius
The forefather of contemporary educational technology. We wrote the "Great Didactic", the Principles of Instructional Method.
His theories promoted equality, educational instruction kindergarten through university using stages of developmental learning, study of the nature of things and learning be applicable to everyday life. -
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Recognized that individual differences are inherent in each learner,
proposed student-centered instructional methods using scaffolding, and experiences with content. -
Visual Instruction (1905-1910)
-School Museums (1905), portable school museums providing teachers access to sources of visual instruction (charts, films, slides, stereographs, and study prints) as supplemental means rather than a primary means of instruction
-Visual Education Movement (1908-1910), an educational guide on use of visual instructional resources, 1st time events including; operation of a motion picture projector, published instructional film directory, and films as instructional media in public schools -
Audiovisual Instruction Movement (1920s–1940s)
-Incorporating sound into visual instructional material started the audiovisual instructional movement (radio broadcasting, sound recordings and sound motion pictures)
-Department of Visual Instruction (DVI) formed in 1932 to oversee the leadership of visual instruction( later becomes the ACET)
-During WWII 1941-1945 training films, film projectors, overhead projector, slide projectors, and audio equipment used in military and industry training -
Programmed Instructional Design (1950-1960)
Instructional System Design (ISD) began during WWII as psychologist and educators developed training materials and assessments to screen skills for completion of military training programs. B.F. Skinner’s described a systemic approach to increase learning, (now formative assessment). Robert Glaser uses the criterion-referenced test, which exhibits the dual purpose to assess individual skills and acquired skills using ISD. -
Instructional Television
Television becomes a tool for public “instructional programming”. The FCC allocates 242 stations for use of instructional television and funding is supported by the Ford Foundation. Instructional broadcasting is quick, efficient, and inexpensive to provide instructional education. -
Microcomputers (1980s-1995)
Low cost, compactness and multi-faceted functions microcomputers are hailed as a revolutionary instructional tools for education (1980s).The predicted impact falls short (by mid 1990s), despite 40% of elementary and 70% of high schools with microcomputers (used mostly for "drill and practice" activities or as a word processor). Microcomputers fuel instructional design practices to produce computer-based instruction. -
World Wide Web
Sir Tim Berners-Lee created the world wide web in 1989 and opened it for public access in 1991. The technologies (HTML, URL and HTTP) he coded to share information remain part to the web today. Under his direction, the coded information he created for the web will remain royalty-free forever. The web opened the world to enhance communication creating a globalized community of diverse learner. The web has created a giant sandbox full of educational technological tools to engage learners. -
Intelligent Tutoring
Carnegie Mellon develops the Practical Algebra Tutor (PAT), knowledge of how the brain works is incorporated into programming instruction. The program applies cognitive processes to provide feed back during problem solving, track progress, determine strengths or weaknesses (using Bayesian model) and generates the next series of problems to increase proficiency. Similar to the pedagogical focus of the current Khan Academy tutorial program to improve SAT scores. -
Learning Management Systems (LMS)
Learning Management Systems developed as computer and multimedia technology progressed. An instructional management system provides a platform for designed curricula to promote an interactive learning experience between the learner-content, learner-learner, and learner-teacher. The LMS represents the current dynamics of the Canvas platform. -
Distal Learning
Distal learning education provides flexibility to obtain educational or performance instruction opportunities outside of the classroom including; professional training (business, military and teachers), higher education (e-learning) and K-12 (Florida Virtual School). Digital learning creates an opportunity for full time employees to earn a professional certificate, complete a course for credit or audit for interest or obtain a degree. -
The Cloud
In 2006, with the introduction of Amazon’s web-based storage
service the idea of cloud storage took off revolutionizing information storage and retrieval. Cloud computing is like a utility over the internet designed to store digital data, sharing and distribution of resources boosts computing power. Schools can use any device, link curricula to a personal online account, keep data available and accessible from anywhere at any time, and archive for resources. -
iPhones
The iPhone revolutionized our interactions with technology, how we learn and solve problems. This next generation of mobile phones advanced the technological toolbox in your pocket. The access to features in the palm of your hand are endless including; internet, multimedia, music, software applications, communication, sensors, and storage. Classrooms as a search engine, participate in formative digital assessments, and access the school’s LMS platform (interactive learning). -
small Unmanned Aircraft Systems - Drone Technology
The military has used various forms of UA’s for over 100 years.
In 2010 consumer popularity of sUAS’s skyrocketed with the
introduction of the Parrot drone. The ability to incorporate a singular technology into a classroom’s instructional practices has extensive STEM application in engaging students through inquiry-based learning, crosscutting concepts, real- world problem solving, college/career readiness, and issues of ethical and legal responsibility.
