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Blackboard
Students can view images on a chalkboard and participate in activities like word guessing, slap the board, hang man, and more. A chalkboard can be utilized as a stage for singing and dancing performances. The class's attention is drawn to the lecture's or discussion's objectives by the chalkboard's visual communication. Students can sharpen or expand their thinking skills and develop their own ideas by using the chalkboard. -
Radio
An analytical and scientific observation has been made to demonstrate that radio broadcasting is the most popular technology for learning and teaching English, and that even the lowest of the poor may have access to learning and training through this most affordable form of technology. using radio as a tool to facilitate two-way communication -
Mimeograph
The mimeograph was first used by teachers to produce course materials in the 1940s. The workers in the school office also used them to print out various documents needed for regular school operations. -
Headphones
Due to the fact that they can hear every word the teacher says, headphones inspire students to pay attention and engage with him or her. Headphones are an essential part of your lesson plan, whether you have young kids using them at workstations or high school students using them with tablets. -
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Behavioristic CALL
The behaviorist learning concept informs behavioristic CALL, which was developed in the 1950s and utilized in the 1960s and 1970s. This modality of CALL included repetitive language drills known as drill-and-practice. -
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Communicative CALL
In the public eye, Communicative CALL first surfaced in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Communicative CALL proponents emphasized that computer-based activities should emphasize using form more so than the forms themselves, teach grammar implicitly rather than explicitly, allow and encourage students to create their own sentences rather than just manipulate prefabricated language, and use target language primarily or even exclusively. -
Internet
A variety of reading resources are available on the Internet that can be utilized to supplement reading courses. Today, there are a ton of resources available for learning languages besides the standard grammar, course, and dictionary books. -
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Integrative CALL
The communicative strategy faced criticism in the 1990s, which is largely why this third CALL phase emerged. In this third phase, practitioners have concentrated their efforts on incorporating the teaching of language skills into subject-specific assignments, real-world interactions, and collaborative projects that offer guidance and coherence. -
Smart Phones
Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of mobile learning. Despite the fact that students who use their phones a lot have lower grade point averages, studies have shown that students who use their phones for learning had higher grades, higher task completion rates, and higher learning goal attainment rates.
