Educational Technology - Final Timeline

By mrolson1989
  • 500 BCE

    Elder Sophists

    A small group of Peripatetic teachers in Athens Greece.
    Five known Elder Sohpists:
    Protagoras of Abdera (ca.500-410 B.C.)
    Gorgias of Leontini (ca 485-380 B.C.)
    Prodikos of Ceos
    Hippias
    Thrasymachus
    Acted as freelance teachers.
    A Sophist demonstration took on of three forms
    A prepared lecture
    An extemporized lecture
    Free Debate
  • 470 BCE

    Socratic Method

    Developed by Socrates (470-399 B.C.).
    Used only fact that are already known to the pupil to develop inquiry.
  • 1079

    Abelard

    Developed a system of inquiry based on opposing viewpoints. The learner would review textual distortions based on the viewpoints. Led to the development of the scholastic method.
  • 1455

    Printing Press

    Johannes Gutenberg begins developing a printing press which will allow for books to be mass produced. (A History of Educational Technology, 2022)

  • Comenius

    Developed 13 rules for instructional methods

  • Lancasterian System

    First used in the US in New York City.
    Mass education at low cost.
    Made use of slates, sand tables, wall charts, and blackboards.

  • Blackboards introduced to classrooms

    (A History of Educational Technology, 2022)

  • Magic Latnern

    The Magic Lantern projected images from glass plates. Chicago's public school system had 8,000 Magic Lanterns at the end of World War I(A History of Educational Technology, 2022)

  • Lead Pencils

    Lead pencils begin to be mass produced. (A History of Educational Technology, 2022)

  • School Museums

    School museums consisted of portable exhibits, stereo graphs, slides, films, study prints, charts and other materials.
    First opened in St Louis 1905.
    district wide media center is the equivalent today.

  • Motion Picture Projector

    Rochester, NY became the first to adopt films for regular instructional use. Started the audiovisual instruction movement.

  • Overhead Projector

    the US Military begins using overhead projectors to train forces during World War II (A History of Educational Technology, 2022)

  • Talking Picture

    Frederick Devereux states "the introduction of the use of the talking picture into education may prove to be ab event as epochal as the application of the principle of the wheel to transportation of the application of steam power to the industrial age." (Mishra, Et al., 2009)

  • Instructional Television

    Federal Communications Commission set aside TV channels for education. This, along with funding from the Ford Foundation led to rapid growth of instructional Television.
    Ford Foundation chose to focus spending on Public Television rather than school instruction.

  • Bloom's Taxonomy

    Bloom's taxonomy published which describes levels of objectives and skills that educators set for students.

  • Scriven

    Scriven describes and defines formative and summative evaluation which were previously named by Lee Cronbach in 1963.

  • Computers

    Advancements in personal computers also led to the rapid advancement of computers in schools after 1995.

  • E-Learning

    E-Learning beginning to be adopted by some universities and colleges.

  • E-Learning Standards

    As E-Learning became more mainstream, standards started to be developed such as IMS and SCORM.

  • Wikipedia

    Wikipedia launched as an open sourced online encyclopedia.

  • LMS

    Learning Management Systems launched to supplement classroom instruction.

  • Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge

    TPACK framework described by Mishra and Koehler emphasizes that educational technologies exist in the interplay between pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge and technology knowledge. (Mishra, Et al., 2009)
    “The TPACK framework emphasizes the role of teachers
    as decision makers who design their own educational
    technology environments as needed.”

  • Cell Phones in Education

    Cell phones emerge as a prevalent technology in the classroom.
    Educators advocate for the educational benefits of cell phones and offer educational exercises that utilize their potential. (Mishra, Et al., 2009)

  • Citations

    Mishra, P., Koehler, M. J., & Kereluik, K. (2009). Looking back to the future of educational technology. TechTrends, 53(5), 49. A history of education technology. The Institute of Progressive Education and Learning. (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2022, from http://institute-of-progressive-education-and-learning.org/a-history-of-education-technology/