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Period: 1493 to 1540
Juan Vives
Proposed induction as the method of study and believed on the direct observation and the investigation of the study of nature. He focused on humanistic learning which opposed to scholasticism and was influenced by a variety of sources including philosophy, psychology, politics, religion and history. H e emphasize that the location of a school is important to learning. -
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JOHN LOCKE
He is consider the father of English psychology. His most important work was An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Locke explained tha learning was attained by experience and that we are all born wirhout knowledge. Locke advance his hypothesis that people learn from external forces since he believed that the was was like blank table and successions give rise to complex ideas through association and reflexion. -
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Johann Pestalozzi
He fostered an educational reform by the idea of early education was crucial for children and could be manageable for mothers. This experience with early education would lead to a wholesome person characterized by morality. In his later years he published books for mother teaching home education, teaching manuals and methods of teaching. -
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Hohann Herbart
He is considered the father of educational psychology. He though that teachers would consider the students existings´mental sets what they already know when presenting new information or materials. he is author of the 5 steps that teacher should use.
- Review material that has already been learned- Prepare student for new material- Present the new material- Relate the new material to the old material- Show how the student can apply the new material. -
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William James
He is the Father of psychology of America. He defines education as the organization of acquired habits of conduct and tendencies to behavior. He states that teacher should train the pupil to behavior so that he fits into the social and psysical world. Teacher should present information that is clear and interesting and relate this new information to thing the student already knows about. -
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John Dewey
He believed that the classroom should prepared children to be good citizens and facilitated creativity intelligence. He stated that students learn by doing. He believed in an active mind that was able to be educated through observation, solving problems and enquiry. -
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Jean Piaget
One of the most powerful researchers in the erea of developmental psychology during the 20th century. His theory stated that intellicence developed in four stages. The stages are the sensorimotor stage from birth to 2 years old, the preoperational state from 2 years old to 7 years old, the concrete operational stage from 7 years old to 10 years old, and formal operational stage from 11 years old and up. -
Alfred Binet
He believed that it was important for teachers to take into account individua students strengthsand also the needs of the classroom when teaching and creating a good learning environment. He also believed that it was importat to train teacher in observation so that they would be able to see individual differences among children and adjust the curriculum to the students. -
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Nathaniel Cage
He is an important figure in educational psychology as his research focused on improving teaching and understanding the processes involved in teaching. He edited the book Handbook of Research on Teaching (1963), which helped develop early research in teaching and educational psychology Gage founded the Stanford Center for Research and Development in Teaching, which contributed research on teaching as well as influencing the education of important educational psychologists.