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Juan Amós Comenio
The didactic magna.
* You have to "teach everyone".
* Teaching is accessible to all human beings. -
Jean Jacques Rousseau
- Teach for the child's natural interest and not for artificial effort.
- The teacher as a guide, without interference because the idea of the child's nature is good, society and the teacher distort that nature.
- Educational resources must be adapted to the successive stages of the child and his development.
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Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
- He perfected the methods of teaching reading, language, and computation.
- The main objective was to integrate low-income children into social life, through the teaching of a trade.
- He had great confidence in the child's abilities.
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Johann Friedrich Herbart
- There are four moments or degrees to go: clarity, association, systematization and method.
- For him, "intuition" is the necessary principle of any study because it opens wide and large spaces to the child's eyes.
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Ivan Pavlov
- Human beings we move by conditioning.
- Humans have physiological or natural reflexes.
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Jhon Watson
- Behavior responds to stimuli-responses.
- It does not include the learning process at all, so the evaluation is only possible based on the final «product».
- Of the student who is building his own knowledge.
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Burrhus Frederic Skinner
- operant conditioning.
- It is the psychological theory of learning that explains the voluntary behavior of the body. * Human behavior is the product of operant reinforcement and that the subject must also carry out an activity to obtain something in return.
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Jhon Dewey
- I develop in students the habit of thinking in connection with experience.
- The student has an authentic experience situation.
- The student has the information and makes the necessary observations to deal with it.
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adolfo ferriere
- The New School.
- Its action is characterized by transformation and renewal, compared to the old and traditional school. * The New School, where the operation is based on respect for the interests and needs of the child, the use of ethical methods, the development of autonomy and cooperation.
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Ovidio Decroly
- Focused on the interests or concentration or association of ideas.
- Whose primary objective is the individualization of teaching.
- His pedagogical method proposes to always go from the simple to the complex. * What is taught is necessary that there is always a relationship.
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Maria Montessori
- Provide a prepared environment: orderly, aesthetic, simple, real, where each element has its reason for being in the development of children.
- Children work with scientifically designed concrete materials, which provide the keys to exploring the world and developing basic cognitive skills. The materials are designed so that the child can recognize the error by himself and take responsibility for his own learning.
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Miguel de Zubiria
- Man does not become a man except through education.
- Contemporary didactics overcome the old Manichean opposition between imposing or liberating.
- Meaningful learning, cognitive-axiological change, teaching for understanding resort to Joseph Novak's concept maps.
