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Temprance movement
The Temperance movement occurred throughout the early 1900s and tried to stop people from drinking alcohol. People who joined this movement believed alcohol was a leading cause in the destruction of families and moral corruption. During World War I, President Woodrow Wilson put an end to the manufacture of alcoholic drinks in order to ration grain that was needed for food. Furthermore, on January 29, 1919, the 18th Amendment was ratified making alcoholic drinks illegal in the United States. -
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire ruled a large portion of the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Osman established a formal government and allowed for religious tolerance over the people he conquered. Religion played an important role in the Empire. The Ottomans themselves were Muslims, however they did not force the peoples they conquered to convert. They allowed for Christians and Jews to worship without persecution. This kept the people they conquered from rebelling and allowed them to rule for so many years. -
John Deere
In 1837, John Deere invented the steel plow. He invented it in Grand Detour, Illinois where he had settled and was an inventor and a blacksmith . This plow could cut right through thick soil without the dirt sticking to it. It made life much easier on pioneer farmers since the soil was different than that of the East and wood plows kept breaking. it had a big impact on the economy too. Furthermore,The steel plow benefited farmers because it allowed them to cut without so much work being done. -
Bessemer Process
The Bessemer Process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel. It was a process for the producing steel by blowing air through molten pig iron at about 1250 degrees Celsius. The process of the Bessemer was named after its inventor Henry Bessemer. Sir Henry Bessemer invented the first process for mass-producing steel inexpensively. It has improved the steel industry a lot. Before the process, bridges, railroads and buildings had to be made out of wrought iron. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was an American industrialist who became successful in the steel industry. Carnegie worked in a cotton factory before rising to the position of division superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1859. He disposed of his great fortune by educational, cultural, scientific, and technological institutions. He who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He was also one of the most important philanthropists of his era. -
Period: to
Transforming the West
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
Cornelius Vanderbilt was very successful and became one of the wealthiest Americans. He operated a boat that ferried cargo between Staten Island, New York, and Manhattan. After working as a steamship captain, Vanderbilt went into business for himself in the late 1820s, and eventually became one of the country’s largest steamship operators. He gained a reputation for being competitive. In the 1860s, he built another empire and helped make railroad transportation more efficient. -
Homestead Act
The Homestead Act became law in the 1800's and was signed by President Abraham Lincoln. The the new law stated that a U.S. Citizen could get 160 acres of unoccupied land west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains. They could keep the land if they lived on the land for five years and made improvements to the land. Homesteading was a great opportunity for people, especially immigrants just moving to the United States or former slaves, immigrants, and single women. -
Morill Land Grant College Act
The Morill Act of 1862 was also known as the Land Grant of College Act. It was a major boost to higher education in America. The grant was originally set up to establish institutions in each state that would educate people in agriculture, home economics, arts, and other professions. The goal was the financing of agricultural and mechanical education. In addition, it also wanted to assure that education would be available to those in all social classes. Overall, it has improved many lives. -
Period: to
Becoming an Industrial Power
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Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan is a terrorist group in the United States. Terrorist groups seek to achieve their goals by creating fear through violence. The Klan formed after the Civil War ended in 1865. Its purpose was to frighten newly freed African Americans and to take away their rights. The Klan had broken up into small groups, mostly in the Southern states. It is a group of people who are anti-black, anti-Catholic and anti-Semitic. The name come from Greek and says it means "White Racial Brotherhood". -
Indian Appropriations Acts
The Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 said that the tribes were no longer considered nations and that the previous treaties with the tribes were no longer valid. The Indian Appropriation Act is the name of several acts passed by the United States. It consisted of a number of acts were passed under the same name throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries. It created the reservations system and the government forced Native people to move to reservations, where it can better for them. -
Susan B. Anothony
Susan B. Anthony was a Civil Rights leader and fighter for women's right to vote. She helped lead the way for women's suffrage in the United States, which is the right to vote. She also partnered with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and would eventually lead the National American Woman Suffrage Association. She was also active in the Temperance and Abolitionist movements. After the Civil War, Susan demanded that the 14th Amendment guaranteed of the vote for women as well as for African-American males. -
Francis Willard
Frances Willard was an educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Her influence was involved the passage of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth amendments to the United States Constitution. Furthermore, after Frances Willard took over leadership, it became one of the largest and most influential women's groups by expanding its platform to campaign for labor laws, prison reform and suffrage. Willard's also fought for women's suffrage and thought it was important for women to vote. -
Women's Temperance Christian
The Woman's Christian Temperance Union was founded in November 1874 in Cleveland, Ohio and became one of the largest and most influential women's groups by expanding itslef to campaign for labor laws, prison reform and suffrage.The Woman's Christian Temperance Union is an organization that was among the first organizations of women devoted to social reform. The main purpose of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union was to persuade all states to prohibit the sale of alcoholic beverages. -
Battle of Little Big Horn
The Battle of the Little Bighorn was a battle fought between the U.S. and an alliance of Indian tribes. It is also known as Custer's Last Stand. The battle took place from June 25–26, 1876. It got it's name by the battle being fought near the banks of the Little Bighorn River in Montana. The battle is also called "Custer's Last Stand" because Custer and his men stood their ground but Custer and all his men were killed. The battle was part of a larger war between the Sioux Nation too. -
Period: to
The Gilded Age
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Sarah Winnemucca
Sarah Winnemucca was an author, activist and educator. Winnemucca became an supporter for the rights of Native Americans, traveling across the US to tell Anglo-Americans about the difficulty of people. She was born near the Humboldt River Sin. One point in her life, they were threatened for their way of life by the white settlers and she dedicated much of her life to working for her people. She also served US forces as a messenger, interpreter and as a teacher for imprisoned Native Americans. -
Helen Hunt
Helen Maria Hunt Jackson was an American poet and writer who became an activist that fought for improved treatment of Natives by the US government. She defended many Indians. Many people in Colorado at that time did not like the fact that she supported the Indians. Helen became one of the most successful writers of her day. Through her dedication to Indian reform during the last five years of her life, she wrote herself into American history. she was very intelligent and wrote many books. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was signed by President Chester A. Arthur and was the first law to restrict immigration to the United States. It banned the immigration of unskilled laborers from China.Those on the West Coast were especially susceptible to attribute declining wages and economic ills on the Chinese workers.When the exclusion act expired in 1892, Congress eventually extended it for 10 years. The Chinese Exclusion Act had a big effect on the United States' legal history. -
Spoils System
The Spoils System is a practice in which a winning political party gives government service jobs to anyone supporting as a reward for working toward their goal. It is as a motivation to keep working for the party too. Consequently the merit systems had almost completely replaced the spoils system at the federal, state and city levels of government. The Spoils System was based on the policy of removing political opponents from federal offices and replacing them with party loyalists. -
Pendleton Act
The Pendleton is a United States federal law,enacted in 1883, which established that positions within the federal government should be awarded. In addition, jobs were to be filled based on how people scored on an exam. Furthermore, this was a big change for Arthur who had been involved in the spoils system of politics for years where other people got the best jobs. Although it was the right thing to do, he made many of his past friends and political allies angry by supporting this law. -
Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show
Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show was famous throughout the world. The show had many types of entertainment including performances, re-enactments of Indian attacks, the Pony Express, and the famous Native American Chiefl. William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody opened Buffalo Bill's Wild West show at Nebraska. Buffalo Bill Cody fought in the American Civil War, served for the Army, and was a legend before launching his famous Wild West show, which traveled the United States and Europe. -
Haymarket riot
The Haymarket riotl of 1886 was a year of intense strikes and labor violence. The most famous strike confrontation was also known as the Great Uphaval. The Haymarket riot was a disturbance that took place on Tuesday May 4, 1886, in Chicago. It began as a rally in support of striking workers too. It was caused because a person threw a bomb at police as they spread the public meeting. The bomb blast and ensuing gunfire resulted in the deaths of eight police officers and many other people. -
American Federation of Labor
The American Federation of Labor was founded in 1886. The purpose of the American Federation of Labor was to organize skilled workers into unions consisting of others. Their purpose was not political, and aimed at higher wages, and better working conditions. It became a powerful force in fighting for workers' rights through strikes. Gompers believed that labor had the most to gain by organizing skilled craft workers, rather than attempting to organize all workers in an industry. -
Dawes Severalty Act
The Dawes Severalty Act, also known as the General Allotment Act, was passed to protect the rights of Native American Indians but the majority of the tribe members would be integrated into American society and culture. The purpose of the Act was to break up tribes and to integrate Native Indians into the lifestyle of western Americans therefore stopped the nomadic lifestyle of Native American Indians. It was also created to open the remainder of the surplus land to white settlers for profit. -
Period: to
Imperialism
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act
In 1890, the Sherman Antitrust Act was passed by the U.S. government to prevent misunderstandings from unfair business practices. It took around many years, but in 1911, the company was found in violation of the antitrust laws and was divided up into a number of different companies. The cause of the Act was because many people began to feel that Standard Oil's monopoly business was unfair. States began to issues laws to try to increase competition but they didn't really work. -
Silver Act
The Silver Act, also known as the Sherman Silver Purchase Act, was passed in 1890 by the U.S. Congress, not only required the U.S. government to purchase nearly twice as much silver as before, but also added to the amount of money retained. Free silver was a major economic policy issue. They hoped to enlist the government to increase the demand for silver too. Furthermore, the Sherman Silver Purchase Act was repealed because president Cleveland called Congress to a session to repeal it. -
Robber Barons
Robber Baron was referred to as a businessman who was involved in unethical practices, widespread political influence, and was extremely wealthy. The men who were called robber barons were sometimes portrayed in a positive way, as “self-made men” who had helped build the nation. This created many jobs for American workers. Over time, many of the practices of the robber barons would become illegal as further legislation sought to ensure fairness in American business. -
World's Columbian Exposition 1893
The World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 was a World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the New World in 1492. The purpose of the Chicago World's Fair was to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus landing in the New World. The Chicago World's Fair provided a showcase for new inventions, new products, different styles of architecture and art, and numerous exhibits to cultural understanding and tourism. -
American Railway Union
The American Railway Union was the largest labor unions of its time and one of the first industrial unions in the United States. The union was launched at a meeting held in Chicago in February 1893 and won an early victory. The American Railway Union was founded on June 20, 1893 in Chicago, Illinois and led by Eugene V. Debs. The American Railway Union was an industrial union for all railroad workers. The union grew quickly and met with early success before it ended a few years later -
John Rockefeller
John Rockefeller became one of the world's wealthiest men was a major philanthropist, and was the founder of the Standard Oil Company. Rockefeller formed a company called Standard Oil in 1870. He wanted to take over the oil refinery business and even begun to buy out his competitors.He made many improvements such as making the refinery more efficient and profitable. He also began to invest in other aspects of the business such as oil pipelines, iron mines, train cars, and delivery trucks. -
Depression of 1893
The Depression of 1893 was a financial crisis that triggered a depression in Europe and North America. Like most major financial downturns, the depression of the 1890s was preceded by a series of shocks that weakened the economy. In addition, the Panic of 1893 provided a spectacular financial crisis the contributed to the economic recession. Furthermore, this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures. -
Period: to
Progressive Era
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William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was an American politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. He also became a Nebraska congressman in 1890. He told at the 1896 Democratic convention his Cross of Gold speech that free silver, but was defeated to become U.S. president by William McKinley. He believed that "free silver" would have brought nation prosperity. -
Cross of Gold Speech
The Cross of Gold speech is a political speech said by William Jennings Bryan to the Convention in Chicago on July 9 1896. The advantages of the gold standard are that it limits the power of governments or banks to cause price inflation by excessive issue of money currency. Although there is evidence that even before World War I monetary authorities did not contract the supply of money. Furthermore, part of the speech includes: "You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." -
William Mckinley
William McKinley became the 25th President of the United States from March 4, 1897 until September 1901 and was considered an important leader. Furthermore, when the Civil War broke in 1861, McKinley enlisted in the Union Army. He eventually earned the rank from volunteers. The United States presidential election of November 3, 1896, saw William McKinley defeat Democrat William Jennings Bryan in a campaign. Consequently, an anarchist, shot him twice in the abdomen during his presidency. -
George Dewey
George Dewey studied at the U.S. Naval Academy and served with Union naval forces during the U.S. Civil War. He served during the Battle of New Orleans and part of the Atlantic blockade. In 1897, he was assigned to the U.S. Asiatic squadron. He also entered the Philippines’ Manila Bay and opened fire on the Spanish fleet. In addition, the U.S. acquired the Philippines and Dewey was made admiral of the navy.The U.S. navy led by him defeated the Spanish navy and took control of the Philippines. -
Battle of Manilla Bay
The Battle of Manila Bay took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish–American War. The Battle of Manila Bay defeat the Spanish Pacific fleet by the U.S. Navy, resulting in the fall of the Philippines and contributing to the final U.S. victory in the Spanish-American War. Furthermore, after an explosion sank, the United States declared war with Spain in support of a Cuban rebellion against Spanish colonial rule. Lastly, a U.S. "New Navy" attack on the Spanish fleet in the Philippines occurred. -
Treaty of Paris (1898)
The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement that involved Spain renounce nearly all of the remaining Spanish Empire. The war officially later, when the U.S. and Spanish governments signed the Treaty of Paris. The treaty also forced Spain to cede Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States and ending the Spanish-American War. Fighting was stopped and Spain recognized Cuba`s independence. Furthermore, the U.S. occupation of the Philippines was recognized in the final arrangement of the islands. -
Philippine-American War
The cause of the Philippine-American War was caused by the U.S. government's hunt for an empire and the desire of the Filipino people for freedom. After centuries as a Spanish colony, a revolution led in part broke out in the Philippine Islands. The Filipinos welcomed the US as allies in their struggle against Spain. After the Spanish had been almost completely defeated the leader declared the Philippines to be an independent country which led to the cause of the Filipino war with the US. -
Open Door Policy
In 1899, John Hay proposed an Open Door Policy towards China for all countries. The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century. Furthermore, the Open Door policy is a statement of principles initiated by the United States in 1899 and 1900 for the protection of equal privileges among countries trading with China and in support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity. -
Platt Amendment
The Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It demanded seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish American War. An eighth condition came into place that Cuba signed a treaty accepting seven conditions.The Platt Amendment outlined the role of the U.S. in Cuba and the Caribbean too. It also permitted the US to lease or buy lands for the purpose of the establishing naval bases and stations in Cuba. -
Big Stick Policy
Big stick policy refers to President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy. The big stick diplomacy means International negotiations backed by the threat of force. Theodore Roosevelt established the U.S. as the "police power" for the Western Hemisphere and stating that the U.S. would protect threatened countries in North and South America. This was called his "Big Stick Diplomacy". In addition, the phrase came from Roosevelt and was used in cartoons to refer particularly to his foreign policy. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt was governor of New York before becoming U.S. vice president. Teddy Roosevelt became the youngest man to assume the U.S. presidency after President William McKinley was assassinated in 1901. He won a second term in 1904 too. Roosevelt was also famous for leading the Rough Riders in a battle at San Juan Hill in Cuba. In addition, he also helped increase the government regulation and safety standards of food and medicine with the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was part of an industry and was the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of mass production. Furthermore, he was an auto mobile manufacturer who created the Ford car and went on to develop the assembly line mode of production. Although automobiles had already existed, they were still mostly scarce and expensive. As a result, Ford sold millions of cars and became a world-famous company head. He also became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. -
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of Russia and Japan in Korea. It resulted in a victory by Japan, by establishing Japan as a major world power. Popular discontent in Russia following the defeat led to the Russian Revolution. Unhappiness among Japanese over the lack of territorial gains led to a better relationship towards the United States. As a result, the Russian Empire and Nicholas II lost, along with two of their three naval fleets. -
Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen Plan was a strategy that Germany had for fighting a war on two sides. One against France and the other Russia.The speed of the German attack was all part of the war strategy called the Schlieffen Plan. Germany hoped to conquer France and Western Europe before the Russians could assemble their army and attack the east. This way Germany would only have to fight at war on one front at a time and it was a plan for a designated attack on France once Russia had started to mobilize. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
The Pure Food and Drug Act was an act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes. The Pure Food and Drug Act was signed by Theodore Roosevelt on the same day as the Federal Meat Inspection Act. It was a law passed in order to remove harmful foods and drugs from the market and regulate the manufacture and sale of drugs and food involved in trade. -
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
The meat inspection act is a law that makes it a crime to misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food. It also ensures that meat products and meat are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. The purpose of the act is to prevent health hazards such as pathogens chemical contaminants in meat. Theodore Roosevelt supported the meat inspection act and signed it. The act meant that the preparation of meat shipped over states would be inspected throughout the process. -
Gentleman's Agreement
The Gentlemen's Agreement was made by the effort of President Theodore Roosevelt and was an agreement between the United States and Japan in grew tension between the two countries over the immigration of Japanese workers. In addition, the Gentlemen's Agreement was never written into a law passed by Congress, but was an informal agreement between the United States and Japan. It was nullified by the Immigration Act of 1924, which legally banned all Asians from migrating to the United States. -
William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft was the 27th president of the United States. He was appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court and becoming the only person to have served as both in U.S. chief justice and president. He served as U.S. president from 1909 to 1913 and chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1921 to 1930. William Howard Taft became the only man in history to hold the highest post in both the executive and judicial branches of the U.S. government and led America through World War l. -
Election of 1912
The election of 1912 was a four-way contest. During the election, Wookdrow Wislon made many speeches during his presidential campaign. The speeches promised important reforms for greater economic opportunity for all too. Furthermore, some Republicans were unhappy with William Howard Taft, split with the Republican Party and created the Progressive Party. In addition, president Theodore Roosevelt ran as the Progressive Party candidate, but was unsuccessful since he lost the election. -
17th amendment
The 17th amendment established that senators would be directly elected. It was an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1913, providing for the election of two U.S. senators from each state by popular vote and for a term of six years. Furthermore, the 17th Amendment was part of a wave of progressive constitutional reforms. It also gave Americans the right to vote directly for their Senators, therefore strengthening the relationship between citizens and the federal government. -
Federal Reserve Act
The Federal Reserve act is an Act of Congress that created and established the Federal Reserve System and created the authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes. It was created by the Congress to provide the nation with a safer and more stable financial system. The Federal Reserve was created on December 23, 1913 by President Woodrow Wilson. The purpose of the Federal Reserve System is the control the supply of money in the economy. The System has many functions and responsibilities too. -
Period: to
World War I
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Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a famous political leader and founder of the Black Nationalist movement. His 'Back to Africa' campaign gave him the nickname of the "Black Moses". Furthermore, he became an inspiration to later civil rights activists. His views on separation from white society angered the government too. In addition, his Black Star Line ended in financial disaster and he was arrested on charges of fraud. He spent two years in jail and was deported to Jamaica and then moved to London, England. -
Great Migration
The Great Migration had a huge impact on urban life in the United States and was the movement of as many as six million African-Americans relocated to the North and West and occurred between 1916 and 1970. Mass migrations of African Americans occurred several times during the first half of the twentieth century. There have been debates on the causes of it since it began. The Great Migration occurred in the more rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West. -
Communism
Communism is a idea in which wealth and power are shared equally among a classless society and in reality wealth and power are controlled by the state. Communists also tend to have limited personal freedoms due to leaders supported by the military. A single authoritarian party controls both the political and economic systems. Communist also spread to East Asia, largely through the influence of China. Communism spread to North Korea, which led to the Korean War between them and the U.S. -
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that's caused by a terrifying event by either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts. It was also known as "war neurosis" or "combat stress".At the time, doctors soon found that many men suffering the symptoms of shell shock without having even been in the front lines.Many had experienced its symptoms during their military service. -
Espionage Act
The Espionage Act is a United States federal law passed shortly after the U.S. entry into World War I. The Espionage Act prohibited individuals from expressing or publishing opinions that would interfere with the U.S. military's efforts to defeat Germany and its allies. Furthermore, the Espionage Act essentially made it a crime for any person to convey information intended to interfere with the U.S. armed forces prosecution of the war effort or to promote the success of the country's enemies. -
The Spanish Flu
The Spanish influenza pandemic killed many people in World War, at somewhere between 20 and 40 million people. It has been known as the most devastating epidemic inworld history. Symptoms include fever, nausea, aches and diarrhea. Dark spots would even appear on the cheeks and people would turn blue since they would be be suffocating. US military researchers refused treatment form the deadly pandemic in 1918 in order to stop the the effects of the flu. Eventually, it came to an end in 1919. -
Sedition Act
The Sedition Act was passed by Congress. The acts were designed by Federalists to limit the power of the opposition Republican Party, but enforcement ended after Thomas Jefferson was elected president. In addition, the Sedition Acts were passed by Congress in preparation for an anticipated war with France. As a result, a Federalist-controlled Congress passed four laws.The Federalist majority in Congress passed the Sedition Act. Furthermore, it was set as the only presidential term of John Adams. -
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
The U.S. forces that were sent to Europe during World War I were called the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). John J. Pershing commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in Europe during World War I. In addition, Expeditionary Force is a generic name sometimes applied to a military force dispatched to fight in a foreign country. General John Joseph Pershing was designated the supreme commander of the American army in France, and the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) were created. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. Furthermore, the Treaty of Versailles was the Peace Settlement between the Allies and Germany. The Treaty of Versailles ended WWI and started WWII less than 20 years later, because of how harshly it treated Germany and how angry Germans were about this. They forced Germany to admit all guilt for the war and required Germany to pay a large amount of money in reparations to the Allies. -
Paris Peace Conference
The Paris Peace Conference was the meeting of the victorious Allied Powers following the end of World War I, to set the peace terms for the defeated Powers.It was signed by King George III and representatives of the US on ended the American Revolutionary War. President Wilson proposed a 14-point program for world peace. These points were later taken as the basis for peace negotiations at the end of the war. The purpose of the meeting was to establish the terms of the peace after World War. -
Volstead Act
The Volstead Act provided for the intent of the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and is also known as the Prohibition Amendment. Later this act was voided by the Twenty-first amendment. Ultimately, the bill was vetoed by President Woodrow Wilson and it also covered wartime prohibition. Although his veto was overridden by the House on the same day, October 27, 1919, and by the Senate one day later. Furthermore, It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors -
Period: to
The 1920's
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18th Amendment
The 18th Amendment prohibited the production, transport, and sale of alcoholic beverages making them illegal.The 18th Amendment to the Constitution was to ratified in January 1919 and enacted in January 192. It was illegal to sell or make alcoholic beverages like beer, wine, and liquor. The Eighteenth Amendment is the only Amendment to ever have been repealed from the United States Constitution. The motivation for the 18th amendment was the desire to make a better society by outlawing alcohol. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment gave men and women with equal voting rights and was adopted on August 18,1920 The Nineteenth Amendment prohibited any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. Furthermore, the 19th amendment also unified suffrage laws across the United States. Overall, this amendment to the constitution gave women the right to vote in 1920. -
Albert Fall
Albert B. Fall. Albert Bacon Fall was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding, infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal. His acceptance of bribes for the leases resulted in the scandal. Fall accepted a large bribe to lease to private oil interests, without competitive bidding, naval oil reserve lands in the Teapot Dome reserve. He was convicted of bribery and served nine months of a one-year prison sentence. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery incident that took place in the United States during the administration of Warren G. Harding. During the Teapot Dome scandal, Albert B. Fall was found guilty of accepting a bribe. Fall was the first individual to be convicted of a crime committed while a presidential cabinet member. Many men were associated with the Teapot Dome Scandal and were cabinet members such as Albert B. Fall and Edwin C. Denby, Harry F. Sinclair, Edward L. Doheny and Warren Harding. -
Immigration Act of 1924
The Immigration Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed into the United States. The Immigration Act of 1924 was passed in response to political and public opinion calling for restrictions on immigration from South-Eastern Europe following events in the US. One of the most important effects and significance was by using the US 1890 census. As a result, it excluded the foreign-born from South-Eastern Europe from quotas truly proportionate to their new numbers in the population. -
American Indian Citizenship Act
On June 2, 1924, Congress granted citizenship to all Native Americans born in the U.S. After the Indian Citizenship Act was granted, some Native Americans weren't allowed to vote. The fourteenth amendment was passed and didn't apply to Native Americans. They were not allowed to vote even if they were born in the country. This law gave Native Americans full citizenship in the United States including the right to vote but it wasn't until 1948 that they were allowed to vote in every state. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Valentine's Day Massacre
In the Valentine's Day Massacre, seven men were killed in a garage on the North side of Chicago and ordered by Al Capone, who was conveniently away in Miami at the time. It was also planned by McGurn and members of the Circus gang, imported hired killers are sent in the Moran warehouse to kill George "Bugs"Moran. This was one of the bloodiest days in mob history when 7 men were gunned down in Chicago. Al "Scarface" Capone rose to power after a rival gang was in mess as a result of the killings. -
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is the belief that white, wealthy, Americans were biologically superior to other groups during the Gilded Age. This theory was used for US government and political decisions during the era too. Social Darwinists held that the life of humans in society was a struggle for existence. Furthermore, Social Darwinism is a modern name given to various theories of society. In addition, Social Darwinism contributed to the idea that humans compete in astruggle for existence. -
Election of 1932
The presidential election was held on November 8, 1932. Franklin D. Roosevelt beat Herbert Hoover in the election. Roosevelt's victory would be the first of five successive Democratic presidential wins. The election was the first held during the Great Depression, and it represented a dramatic shift in the political alignment of the country. The effects of the 1929 Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression were serious. The depression and Stock Market were issues of consequence in the campaign. -
20th amendment
The twentieth amendment gave details on the terms of office for Congress and the President. The 20th Amendment is important because it tried to eliminate presidents and legislators. It was also important because it failed. Before the 20th Amendment, the presidential term and the congressional term both started on March 4 of the year after the election. The Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president. -
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried, men from relief families as part of the New Deal. The Civilian Conservation Corps was an innovative federally funded organization that put thousands of Americans to work during the Great Depression on projects with environmental benefits. The Civilian Conservation Corps was one of the most successful New Deal programs of the Great Depression. -
Adjustment Act (AAA)
The Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) was put into place to help farmers out. It helped to improve farming practices, reduced farm production to raise prices, and gave a voice to farmers in the government. The Agricultural Adjustment Act paid farmers not to grow more than a certain amount of crops. The beef and pork resulting were then distributed. The purpose of the act was to restore agricultural prosperity by limiting farm production, reducing export surpluses, and raising prices -
Glass-Stegall Act
The Glass-Steagall Act refers to 2 separate federal laws, the first was passed on February 27, 1932 and the second was passed on June 16, 1933. The second act is the law most people refer to as the Glass-Steagall Act and prohibited commercial banks from engaging in the investment business and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. In addtion, the law was originally enacted as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal program. In addition, the law became permanent in 1945. -
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) was enacted by Congress in June 16,1933. It was one of the measures by Roosevelt assisted the nation's economic recovery during the Great Depression. The act was a prime New Deal agency established by Roosevelt. The goal was to bring industry, labor, and government together to create codes and set prices. In addition, the Act was a labor law and consumer law passed by the Congress to authorize the President to regulate industry for fair wages, -
21st amendment
The 21st Amendment to the United States Constitution repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which prohibited alcohol. The 21st Amendment to the Constitution was passed and ratified. The 21st amendment was also an admission of the failure of prohibition, which led to people disrespecting the law and criminals to do well selling illegal alcohol to those that wanted it. Repealing the 18th amendment didn't make alcohol completely legal through the entire country. -
Wagner Act
The Wagner Act was signed by President Roosevelt. The Wagner Act was passed as part of FDR's series of New Deal Programs. Its purpose was to guarantee workers the right to organize Unions. The law set up the National Labor Relations Board. The Wagner Act was significant because it established the rights of employees to organize, join, or assist labor unions and to participate in collective bargaining through their representatives. The act prevented employers engaging in unfair labor practices. -
Social Security Act
The Social Security Act established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped. The Act is one of the most important pieces of legislation in American history. It was passed during the Great Depression and created a variety of programs. For instance, Medicare is insurance and a program to the elderly in paying bills and other health care bills. -
Neutrality Acts
The Neutrality Acts were a series of laws that were passed in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia. The Neutrality Acts were designed to prevent the United States of America from being in a war. Furthermore, the series of Neutrality Acts imposed embargoes on trading in arms and war materials to any countries at war. The Act prohibited Americans from selling to any country at war too. In addition, the act also required that manufacturers in the had to apply for an export license. -
Fair Labor Standards Act
The Fair Labor Standards Act establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, record keeping, and child labor standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments. The act applies only to employers whose annual sales total $500,000 or more. The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 originated in Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. It was a landmark piece of legislation that had a significant impact on the labor movement in the United States. -
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World War II
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Battle of Leningrad
The Battle of Leningrad resulted in the deaths of millions of the city's civilians and Red Army defenders. Also, Leningrad was one of the initial targets of the German invasion too. The Germans maintained their siege with a single army, and defending Soviet forces numbered on the German-Soviet front. In addition, by the end of the siege, people are thought to have died from starving to death on Christmas Day. Furthermore, the first German artillery shell fell on Leningrad on September 1st, 1941. -
Internment Camps
Internment camps were similar to prisons since people were forced to move into an area that was surrounded by barbed wire and not allowed to leave. The camps were made because people became paranoid that Japanese-Americans would help Japan against the United States after the Pearl Harbor attack. They were scared that they would sabotage American interests too. Furthermore, this fear did not have any evidence. The people did not do anything wrong and were only put in the camps based on their race -
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War II. Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of a city in Russia.The Battle of Stalingrad is considered to have been the turning point in World War II too. The battle at Stalingrad defeated the German army. The Battle for Stalingrad was fought during the winter of 1942 to 1943. Many Germans had died in the fighting and was a great humiliation for Hitler. The battle was the first major German loss during World War II. -
D-Day
D-Day took place on Normandy, France and was code-named Operation Neptune because it involved a water landing by the Allies. It is the largest military operation by sea in history. It consisted of the Allied Forces of Britain, America, Canada, and France attacked German forces on the coast. The Allies attacked and gained a victory that became the turning point for World War II. It was also important because it was the main Allied invasion of continental Europe and allowed Germany to be defeated. -
Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was best known for commander of the Allied Forces in the Pacific during World War II.After the war, MacArthur took on the task of rebuilding Japan. The country was defeated and in ruins. At first, he helped to provide food for the starving people of Japan out of the armies supplies. He then worked to rebuild the infrastructure and government of Japan. Japan had a new democratic constitution and would eventually grow to become one of the largest economies in the world. -
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was the last major Nazi offensive in World War II. Germany's defeat and the end of the war in Europe came at a lower cost in Allied lives than it would have. The Germans lost so many troops and equipment that there was no way their army could launch another attack on Allied forces. The Battle of the Bulge is important because it ruined the German army and ended the war. It was an attempt to push the Allied front line west from northern France to northwestern Belgium too. -
Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference was a meeting held between the United States, Great Britain and Russia. The Yalta Conference was led by the 'Big Three' heads of governments. The purpose of the Yalta Conference was to discuss the surrender and occupation of Nazi Germany, the defeat of Japan and peace plans for the post war world. Furthermore, several agreements reached during the Yalta Conference were broken and led to tensions between the United States and Russia which eventually led to the Cold War. -
Battle of Berlin
The Battle of Berlin was the last major battle in Europe. It resulted in the surrender of the German army and an end to Adolf Hitler's rule.The battle was fought between the German Army and the Soviet Army. The Soviet army outnumbered the Germans. Many of the German soldiers were sick, wounded, or starving. The German army included young boys and old men. The Battle of Berlin resulted in the surrender of the German army and the death of Hitler. The Soviet Union and the Allies won the battle. -
Fat man bomb
"Little Boy" is the nick name given to the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. The explosion was huge therefore the city was destroyed, and many of people were killed. The bomb was dropped by a plane named the Enola Gay. The bomb was over 10 feet long and weighed around 10,000 pounds. Despite witnessing the terrible destruction of the bomb on Hiroshima, Japan still refused to surrender. In addition, around 30% of the population of Hiroshima were killed.
