Cultural Literacy Timeline

  • Jun 15, 1215

    Magna Carta

    Magna Carta
    It was a document that King John of England was forced into signing. It stated that his power would be greatly reduced and allow for a formation of a parliament.
  • Apr 1, 1453

    Mehmed II (Mehmet II) takes Constantinople

    Mehmed II (Mehmet II) takes Constantinople
    He surrounded Constantinople with an army of 80,000 to 200,000 troops and a navy of 320 vessels.
  • Aug 3, 1492

    Columbus sailing across the Atlantic

    Columbus sailing across the Atlantic
    They left Palos, Spain to discover new land. They sailed for King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella of Spain. They saw Caribbean islands off southeastern North America on October 11, 1492.
  • Landing of the Mayflower

    Landing of the Mayflower
    They arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts after a 66-day journey. There were two deaths.
  • English Bill of Rights

    English Bill of Rights
    It was a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Right presented by the Convention Parliament to William and Mary in March 1689 inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England. It lays down limits on the powers of sovereign and sets out the rights of Parliament and rules for freedom of speech in Parliament, the requirement to regular elections to Parliament and the right to petition the monarch without fear of retribution
  • Car invented

    Car invented
    It started with the creation of steam engined automobiles capable of human transport, then snowballed from there.
  • Declaration of Independence for the United States

    Declaration of Independence for the United States
    It announced that the thirteen American colonies, then at war with Great Britain, were now independent states and no longer a part of the British Empire.
  • Ratification of the US Constitution

    Ratification of the US Constitution
    States had to ratify the Constitution.
  • Start of French Revolution

    Start of French Revolution
    It was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had an impact on all of Europe.
  • Napoleon Declared Emperor

    Napoleon Declared Emperor
    He crowned himself Emperor of France and crowned Joséphine the Empress. He used the plot to justify the re-creation of a hereditary monarchy in France, with himself as emperor, as a Bourbon restoration would be more difficult if the Bonapartist succession was entrenched in the constitution.
  • Napoleon defeated at Battle of Waterloo

    Napoleon defeated at Battle of Waterloo
    It was Napoleon's last battle and the the culminating battle of the Waterloo Campaign.
  • Period: to

    U.S. Civil War

    It was a war fought over the secession of the Confederacy.
  • Man's first powered flight

    Man's first powered flight
    The Wright brothers are credited with inventing and building the world's first successful airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight.
  • Period: to

    Mexican Revolution

    Started with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz.
  • China: Republican Revolution

    China: Republican Revolution
    Hsian-T'ung was forced to abdicate following Sun Yat-sen's republican revolution. A provisional government was established in his place, ending 267 years of Manchu rule in China and 2,000 years of imperial rule.
  • World War I: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

    World War I: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
    Gavrilo Princip shot twice, one hitting Ferdinand and the other hitting the Duchess.
  • World War I: US enters war

    World War I: US enters war
    However, it took time to mobilize soldiers for the army, and US forces were not fully engaged in France until the Spring offensive of 1918. This allowed the US forces to be engaged to the greatest effect along many of the lines of battle. After Germany lost most of its territorial gains from the early part of the war, they were forced to end the war in 1919.
  • Bolshevik Revolution

    Bolshevik Revolution
    The Bolshevik party led Russian workers and peasants to revolution, under the slogan of: "All power to the Soviets".
  • World War I: Armistice

    World War I: Armistice
    The armistice between the Allies and Germany was an agreement that ended the fighting in the First World War.
  • World War II: Germany Invades Poland

    World War II: Germany Invades Poland
    1.8 million German troops invaded Poland on three fronts; East Prussia in the north, Germany in the west and Slovakia in the south.
  • World War II: Pearl Harbor

    World War II: Pearl Harbor
    The Japanese damaged the Pacific Fleet. They sunk three battleships, caused another to capsize, and severely damaged the other four.
  • World War II: Germany Surrenders

    World War II: Germany Surrenders
    They had to surrender after Hitler committed suicide.
  • World War II: Atomic bombs dropped

    World War II: Atomic bombs dropped
    Dropped in Hiroshima, Japan.
  • World War II: Atomic bombs dropped

    World War II: Atomic bombs dropped
    Dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
  • World War II: Japan surrenders

    World War II: Japan surrenders
    They surrended because their plans to end the war failed and the Emperor intervened to accept proposed Allied terms offered after the Potsdam conference.
  • Churchill delivers "Iron Curtain" speech in Fulton, MO at Westminster College

    Churchill delivers "Iron Curtain" speech in Fulton, MO at Westminster College
    He wanted to show people that there was no formal allinaces between them, and other countries. He wanted to enforce the split between East Germany and the Communists countries in the west.
  • Berlin Airlift

    Berlin Airlift
    They carried supplies to the people in West Berlin.
  • Communists takeover China

    Communists takeover China
    They defeated the Republican/Nationalist forces.
  • Period: to

    Korean War

  • Vietnam War: War Begins

    Vietnam War: War Begins
    When nationalist forces attempted to bring together Vietnam under a communist government and the US trying to prevent communism from spreading.
  • Berlin Wall constructed

    Berlin Wall constructed
    It was built to seperate East Germany and West Berlin.
  • Cuban Missile Crisis

    Cuban Missile Crisis
    It lasted 13 days. It was a confrontation between the Soviet Union and Cuba on one side and the US on the other.
  • Kennedy assassinated

    Kennedy assassinated
    He was assassinated in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas. He was shot traveling with his wife Jacqueline, Texas governor John Connally, and the latter's wife Nellie, in a Presidential motorcade. He was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald.
  • Vietnam War: Tet offensive

    Vietnam War: Tet offensive
    Launced by the forces of the People's Army of Vietnam against the forces of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam), the United States, and their allies. It was was to utilize the element of surprise and strike military and civilian command and control centers throughout South Vietnam, during a period when no attacks were supposed to take place.
  • Man walks on the moon

    Man walks on the moon
    Neil Armstrong was on Apollo 11 when he first walked on the moon.
  • Woodstock

    Woodstock
    A music festival held at Max Yasgur's dairy farm in the Catskills near the hamlet of White Lake in the town of Bethel, New York.
  • Watergate scandal

    Watergate scandal
    When five men broke into the Democratic National Committee. It led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.
  • Vietnam War: Last American's leave Vietnam

    Vietnam War: Last American's leave Vietnam
    The US Marines and US Sailors were the last to leave.
  • Tiananmen Square Protest

    Tiananmen Square Protest
    Series of demonstrations in and near Tiananmen Square in Beijing China.
  • End of Apartheid and Nelson Mandela's Release

    End of Apartheid and Nelson Mandela's Release
    Nelson Mandela was elected President by the new Parliament in 1994. That ended apartheid.
  • Re-Unification of Germany

    Re-Unification of Germany
    The unification of East and West Germany.
  • USSR ends (communist control ends in Russia)

    USSR ends (communist control ends in Russia)
    It ended when Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet leader, resigned from office.