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Death of Elizabeth I
Queen Elizabeth had many frequent conflicts with parliament. Many of the arguments were over money, because the treasury did not have enough funds to pay the queens expenses. By the time Elizabeth had died in 1603, she had left a huge debt for her successor to deal with. -
James I
King of of Scotland , James Stuart became King James I of England in 1603. James inherited the unsettled the unsettled issues of Elizabeth's reign. -
Parliament
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James I
In 1625, James I died. Charles I, his son soon enough later took the throne. Charles always needed money, in part because he was at war with both Spain and France. -
Petition of Rights
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Petition of Rights
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Charles I dissolves Parliament
Several time Parliament refused to give him funds he dissolved it. -
Charles I calls Parliament back into session
By 1628, Charles was forced to call the Parliament again.This time it refused to grant him any money until he signed a document that is known as the Petition of Right. -
Autumn of 1641 laws
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English Civil War
From 1642 to 1649, supporters and opponents of King Charles fought the English Civil War. Those who remained loyal to Charles were called royalist or cavaliers. On the other side were Purtian supporters of parliament. Because these men wore their hair short over their ears, Cavaliers called them Roundheads. -
Oliver Cromwell
At first neither side could gain a lasting advantage. However, by 1644 the Puritans found a general who could win- Oliver Cromwell. In 1645, Cromwells New Model army began defeating the Cavaliers, and the tide turned toward the Puritans. In 1647, they held the king prisoner. -
Charles I Executed
In 1649, Cromwell and the Puritan s brought Charles to trial for treason against Parliament. They found him guilty and sentenced him to death. The execution of Charles was evolutionary. Kings had often been overthrown, killed in battle, or put to death in secret. Never before, had a reigning monarch faced a ublicrial or execution. -
Oliver Cromwell rules England
Cromwell now held the reins of power. In 1649, he abolished the monarchy and The House of Lords. He established a commonwealth, a republican form of government. In 1653, Cromwell sent home the remining members of Parliament. Cromwells associate John Lambert drafted a constituion. -
Restoration
When Prince Charles entered London in 1660, crowds shouted joyfully and bells rang. On this note of celebration, the reign is called the Restoration. -
Charles II
During Charles II reign, Parliament passed an important guarantee of freedom, habeas corpus. Habeas corpus is latin meaning “to have the body”. -
Habeas Corpus passed
Habeas Corpus Act, a monarch could not put someone in jail simply for opposing the ruler. Also, prisoners could not put someone -
James II