-
Noam Chomsky
Competence:
Shared knowledge of the ideal speaker-listener set in a homogenious speech community.
Performance:
Applying underlying knowledge to the actual language use. -
Halliday
Speakers make their choices in the relationships among systems rather than in the relationship among structures, thus sees language learning empowering and transformational as learners are given the freedom to choose and make meaning. Seven functions:
Instrumental: Manipulate the environment.
Regulatory: Control.
Representational: As one sees it.
Interactional: Ensure social manteinance.
Personal: Feelings and emotions.
Euristic: Language to acquire knowledge.
Imaginative: Create -
Hymes
Communicative Competence involves, other than grammar, appropriateness, which refers to when and what to say to whom in what given situation. S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G
Setting scene
Participants
Ends
Act
Key
Instruments
Norma
Gender -
W. Labov
Language varies systematically in accordance with social characteristics of the speaker. -
Henry Widdowson
Communicative competence is defined in terms of the knowledge of linguistic and sociolinguistic conventions. Communicative abilities have to be developed along side with linguistic skills. -
Canale and Swains
Grammatical competence: words and rules.
Socio-linguistic competence: approppiatenes
Strategic competence: communication strategies
Discourse competence: cohesion and coherence -
Bachmand and Palmer
The introduction of affective (non.cognitive) factors in language use.
Re-labeling knowledge structure as topical knowledge.
Reconceptualizing strategic competence as a set of metacognitive strategies. -
Liliana Maturana
"Constructo globalizante que abarca las habilidades, destrezas y conocimientos de los que ha de servirse el usuario de la lengua para interactuar efectivamente en diversos contextos sociales con intensiones específicas."
