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Plankalkul
Designed by Konrad Zuse. Was designed for engineering purposes and provides data structure that can be used to represent geometrical structures. Plankalkul is German for Plan Calculus. -
Fortran
Designed by John Backus and IBM. Its purpose is to make numeric computation and scientific computing easier. Named Fortran because it is short for “Formula Translation”. -
MATH-MATIC
Designed by Remington Rand. Its intended purpose was to be an algebraic translator. Was named MATH-MATIC because algebra is a branch of math. -
LISP
Designed by John McCarthy. Its purpose was to become a practical mathematical notation for computer programs, but it became the favored programming language for artificial intelligence. Named LISP because it is short for List Processor. -
COBOL
Designed by Howard Bromberg, Howard Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney. Widely used in legacy applications deployed on mainframe computers, such as largescale batch and transaction processing jobs. Used in business, finance and and administrative systems for companies and governments. COBOL stands for “Common Business-Oriented Language”. -
RPG
Developed by IBM. It is used for business applications and it is a tool that replicates punched cared processing on the IBM 1401. RPG stands for Report Program Generator. -
BASIC
Designed by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz. The purpose was to allow students to use computers that were not in the fields of science and math. Named “BASIC” because it made the use of computers basic for all students. -
LOGO
Designed by Wally Feurzeig and Seymour Papert. Was originally intended to teach concepts of programming related to Lisp, but then became a place where students could predict and reason about the turtle’s motion by imagining they were the turtle. Named Logo because the program was intended to provoke thought and the Greek meaning of logos is thought. -
B
First developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. Its purpose was to be designed for recursive, non-numeric, and machine independent applications, such as system software and language software. Named “B” because it was either a contraction of “BCPL” or it was based on “Bon”. -
PASCAL
Designed by Niklaus Wirth. Its purpose is to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. Named Pascal in honor of the French mathematician Blaise Pascal. -
C
Designed by Dennis Ritchie. The purpose is to allow constructs that map machine instructions. Was named C because C comes after B. -
ML
Designed by Robin Milner. Its purpose is to compile type checking and type interface. Named ML because it stands for MetaLanguage. -
SQL
Designed by Donald D. Chamberlin, and Raymond F. Boyce. It is a special-purpose domain-specific language used for managing data held in a relational database management system for stream processing. SQL stands for Structured Query Language. -
ADA
Designed by Jean Ichbiah and CII Honeywell Bull under contract with the US Department of Defense. Its purpose is to improve code safety and maintainability by using a compiler to find errors. Named after Ada Lovelace, the person credited with being the first computer programmer. -
C++
Designed by Bjarne Stroustrup. Originally designed to enhance the C language, it is now used to develop systems software, application software and high performance servers. Enhancement of C so it was named C++. -
Visual Basic
Developed by Microsoft. Its purpose is to create a user-friendly programming language designed for beginners, it was derived from BASIC. Allows the programmer to create an application easily. Visual Basic name was derived from the simplification of the program BASIC. -
Python
Designed by Guido Van Rossum and the Python Software Foundation. Its purpose is to emphasize code readability using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks. Was named after the Python Software Foundation. -
Delphi
Designed by Borland Software Corporation. Its purpose is to compile Object Pascal dialect and generate native code for Windows, IOS, and Android. Named Delphi because Borland developer Danny Thrope suggested they used Delphi as a code name about the Oracle at Delphi. -
Java
Designed by James Gossling. Its purpose is to let application developers write only one time and let it run anywhere it needs to i.e. Java can run on all platforms without recompilation. Named after Java coffee. -
JavaScript
Designed by Brendan Eich. Its purpose is to assist in developing interactive animated web functions, also used in game design and writing desktop applications. Used across almost all browsers. Was named JavaScript because it was a spin-off of the Java programming language that was developed by Microsoft. Brendan Eich and Netscape wanted people to know what it was like so they used Java in the name. -
PHP
Designed by Rasmus Lerdorf. It was designed primarily for web development but is also used as a general-purpose programming language. PHP stands for Personal Home Page.