-
Brown v Board of Education
This court case argued that segregated public schools were unequal. This was then applied to children with disabilities due to being excluded from schools due to disabilities. -
Pennsylvania Assn. for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (PARC)
Dealt with the exclusion of children with mental retardation from public schools. Made it so educational placement decisions must include parent participation, as well as a means to resolve disputes. -
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v . Rowley
This is the first time the Supreme Court addressed the IDEA, holding schools to provide IDEA eligible students with an IEP. It held schools to provide students with an IEP that was “reasonably calculated to enable the child to receive educational benefits.” -
Handicapped Children’s Protection Act
President Reagen signed the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act. This Act gave parents of children with disabilities more say in the development of their child’s Individualized Education Plan (IEP). -
Doe v Board of Education of Tullahoma City Schools
Extension of the Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley. The parents of a student with a neurological impairment sought tuition from the school district after placing him in a private school. The courts said students should receive a reasonably calculated education, not a phenomenal one (“His parents demanded that the school system provide a Cadillac…We suspect that the Chevrolet offered.”) -
Erika was born in Smithfield, North Carolina
-
Emma was born in Asheville, North Carolina
-
IDEA Amended
Congress amended IDEA by raising the standards for educators who teach special education classes, improved educational outcomes, greater accountability, and early intervention for students. -
Every Students Succeeds Act
Congress reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), formally known as No Child Left Behind. Changes were made to remove several portions of the law about accountability due to an uproar of complaints from states and school districts. The Act was signed by President Obama. -
Emma started high school
-
Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District RE-1
The court decided that the bare minimal progress was not acceptable in education for students with disability. Rather, the school must offer an IEP reasonably calculated to enable a student to make progress appropriate in a child’s circumstances. -
Erika graduated high school
-
Erika’s dog, Si, was born.