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Dred Scott v. Stanford
Dred Scott was a enslaved African American who sued, saying that he was a free man. Court ruled that Scott wasn't an American citizen, and was still a slave. -
13th Amendment
This amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude except for when someone is a prisoner of crime. -
14th Amendment
This amendment stated that no State shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. -
15th Amendment
This amendment states that no vote shall be denied by the US on race, color, or past servitude. -
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Poll Tax
Poll taxes were voting fees for any eligible voters. No exemptions were made for African Americans nor poor whites who didn't have an ancestor who voted before the Civil War. -
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White Primaries
White democrats made it so most blacks or minorities were disenfranchised and the barriers for voter registration skyrocketed. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
It upheld the separate, but equal concept, where as long as both sides were equal, they can be separate. -
19th Amendment
This amendment states that the right to vote shall not be denied in the US on the "account of sex." It basically gave women the right to vote. -
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Affirmative Action
It is the practice of favoring individuals who are part of groups who have been discriminated against beforehand. -
Brown v. the Board of Education
This case ruled that establishing racial segregation in public school was considered unconstitutional where beforehand it was considered separate, but equal. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act outlawed discrimination when it comes to race, color, religion, sex, and origin. It also discusses how it prohibits unequal application of voter registration and racial segregation in schools. -
24th Amendment
No person shall be denied the right to vote due to failure to pay a poll tax and literacy tests. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This is federal legislation in the US that doesn't allow racial discrimination when it comes to voting and shall allow any eligible US citizen to vote. -
Reed v. Reed
Case ruled that "administrators of estates can't be named in a way that discriminates between axes." -
Equal Rights Amendment
Equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. -
Regents of the University of Cal. v. Bakke
It upheld the affirmative action, allowing race to be on the many factors when it comes to the college admission policies. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
The court ruled that the constitution doesn't protect adults who are gay to engage in private and consensual relationships. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Also known as the ADA; civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on someone who has a disability. -
Lawrence v. Texas
Laws against homosexuality were considered unconstitutional between consenting adults. -
Obergefell v. Hodges
In relation to the 14th Amendment, this case ruled that both marriage licensing and recognition for the same-sex couples are required.
