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Dred Scott v Sandford
This case was when it was decided that African Americans either free or enslaved were not considered to be American citizens. And that the Congress was unable to ban slavery. -
13th Amendment
This amendment was the start of free slaves, and moving forward as a nation to bring equality. Even though it still has not happened this was the first step in trying. This amendment abolished slavery. -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment was when African Americans, including past slaves, anyone born in America was considered a citizen. "Equal protection of the laws" -
15th Amendment
The right to vote was opened up to everyone, still no women, but to every race, including prior slaves as well. -
Plessy v Ferguson
This case put racial segregation into place. This led to more than 50 years of segregation. -
19th Amendment
Not only could all races of men vote, but now because of the 19th amendment women can vote as well. -
Brown v Board of Education
Brown v BoE made the turning point in segregation and education in schools. Made equal education the "law of the land" -
Civil Rights Act
Did not allow public discrimination, or in federally-funded places or organizations. A landmark in Americas fights for civil rights for everyone. -
Voting Rights
Outlawed the way that southern states still made people vote. Discriminatory tests and quizzes, just to allow voting. -
Reed v Reed
A turning point case, first time the 14th amendment was seen to be also protecting women as well as just man. -
Title IX
Created to prevent gender discrimination in the educational athletic system. Gives complete equality between men and women in all aspects of athletics. -
Regents of the University of California v Bakke
Since the university was using racial 'quotas' in the admissions process, leading to many declines from universities. Led to affirmative action being seen as constitutional, but letting go of those racial quotas. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Prohibits the discrimination of people with disabilities, in every aspect of life. Job, travel, transportation, etc. -
Obergefell v Hodges
This is the case where gay marriage became legal. That all same-sex couples had the right to marry one another.
