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In Dred Scott v. Sandford (argued 1856 -- decided 1857), the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American citizens and could not sue in federal court. Called Dred Scott property therefore cannot sue.
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Place a ban on slavery
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Due Process Clause- protections granted by the bill of rights now apply to the state and local government.
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The right to vote cannot be denied based on race.
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Under the Jim Crow system, “whites only” and “colored” signs proliferated across the South at water fountains, restrooms, bus waiting areas, movie theaters, swimming pools, and public schools. African Americans who dared to challenge segregation faced arrest or violent reprisal.
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The Plessy ruling rendered racial segregation legal throughout the United States. Although Jim Crow segregation was practiced most fiercely in the Deep South, some segregationist practices, especially housing and job discrimination, existed elsewhere in the United States as well.
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Allowed any gender to vote,
Men and Women the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote. -
We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.
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is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, age, disability.Applies to government and businesses. Not the 14th amendment. Law states that states will lose federal money if they violate this law.
