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13th Amendment
No individual shall be subjected to slavery or forced labor, unless they are punished under the right of a fair trial. -
14th Amendment
Everyone born or naturalized in the United States are legally declared as citizens. No american citizens rights can be abridged and their rights to life, liberty, and happiness cannot be unfringed unless they are tried in the court of law. -
15th Amendment
The basic rights of an US citizen will not be denied based on race, or previous accounts of indentured servitude. -
Tuskegee Institute
The Tuskegee Institute was initially a piece of land chartered to Booker T Washington, who would later built a higher education institute for African Americans. The institute itself provided students with an education in basic academics and public speaking. -
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Plessy v. Ferguson
After the compromise of 1877, and slavery being abolished, there was some hope for african americans to gain freedoms, however white supremacy started to reassert itself towards the end of the 19th century. In the case of Plessy vs Ferguson, the phenomenon of separate but equal was conceived where although african americans had their own rights, they had to use different, less privileged facilities and services when compared to the average white man -
NAACP
The NAACP (National Association for Colored People) was an organization that was formed by W.E.B Dubois as a way to further the rights and liberties of minorities in common society. It was meant to ensure the political, economic, and social equality of minorities in general. It wanted to accomplish this through civil disobedience and a democratic method. -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment was a milestone amendment that was passed in order to guarantee women's suffrage and their right to vote. More specifically the amendment claimed that no matter the sex of a individual in the united states their right to vote cannot be infringed. -
Executive Order 9881
The Executive Order 9981 was a monumental act issued by President Harry Truman, where he abolished racial segregation in the US armed forces. This meant that people regardless of their color could enlist in the army and defend their country. This in turn led to the end of racial segregation in the American-Korean War. -
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Truman's Desegregation of the Military
Truman's desegregation of the military involved various executive orders in an effort to abolish the requirement of being a white man to enlist. Although there were cases of African Americans being granted permission to enlist, Truman's acts were the true end of racial segregation in the military and armed forces. -
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Brown v. Board of Education
During the 20th century, segregation was starting to wane. More people raised their concerns and racism was becoming less prevalent. In the case of Brown v Board of Education, Oliver Brown had filed a lawsuit against the board of education, due to the fact that his daughter was denied admission at a all white school. The Brown case combined with 4 other cases of racial segregation at schools and the verdict was declared that schools cannot uphold the separate but equal doctrine -
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil disobedience movement that had the main goal of abolishing racial segregation in the public transport system for Montgomery, Alabama -
SCLC
The southern christian leadership conference was a civil rights organization whos first leader was MLK. This organization was an advocate for the civil liberties of African American men and women. This organization played a major part in the Montgomery Alabama bus boycott -
Little Rock 9
The Little Rock 9 were nine african american students who came to the Central High School in Arkansas after the school was required to allow African Americans in the school. These 9 individuals were berated when they approached the school. This led to the president sending in troops to stop the altercation -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
In 1957 President Eisenhower, sent a proposal congress in which a civil rights legislature was proposed. This was later passed by congress and titled the Civil Rights act of 1957. The purpose of this act was the set up a legal civil rights body in congress and have a a review board for civil right infractions. -
24th Amendment
The 24th amendment was passed in an effort to get rid of the voting roadblock of voting and poll taxes. The bill more specifically states that no individual of the United States can be denied the right to vote, due to the fact that they did not pay voting/polling taxes, therefore negating their purpose. -
March on Washington
The March on Washington was a economic reform incident where many marched in an effort to bring more economic freedom rights to African Americans. This included African Americans getting higher skilled jobs. -
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March from Selma Alabama
The March from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama were three different protest marches in which many advocated for the various rights of minorities. It was brought fame mostly due to Martin Luther King's participation in it. -
Voting Act of 1965
The voting rights act of 1965 was signed into law by President Johnson, this act outlawed the old literacy tests which were prerequisites before an individual was allowed to vote. This literacy test was often a ploy that was meant to stop black people from voting and once this was banned, this led to more voting opportunities for african americans. -
MLK assasinated
Martin Luther King Jr. gets assassinated by James Earl Ray and leaves a lasting impact on the future of Civil RIghts. Martin Luther King was the pinnacle of civil rights activism and did it all without violence. -
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ERA (Equal Rights Amendment)
The ERA (Equal rights amendment) was an amendment that was attempted to be passed in over a century ago. In this proposed amendment people regardless of sex, race, and culture were given the same legal rights, this bill was passed by congress but failed to get state ratification, this amendment is still pursued today but has failed to be implemented into the constituion.