-
13th Amendment
Slavery was declared illegal and African Americans no longer had to be held under the chains of slavery. -
14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment grants rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
15th Amendment
The right to vote was given to men of all races. This means African American men now had the right to vote, in theory. -
Tuskegee Institute created
This institute was founded by Booker T Washinton to better and educate African Americans. This allowed them to integrate into society after years of slavery. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
This court case ruled that “separate but equal” abides by the laws if African Americans are given the same rights, but in a separate facility. Signifigant event that marked the beginning of many years of racial segregation. -
NAACP created
Organization created by African Americans in order to end racial segregation and mistreatment of African Americans. This started to gain other African Americans’ support and increased the movement to complete social equality for minorities. -
19th Amendment
This amendment gave women the right to vote. This ultimately sparked a social movement for women and their fight for equality as well. -
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) proposed
This was a proposed Amendment by a women’s social group, in hopes that equal legal rights could be obtained by women regardless of their gender. It was later passed for ratification in the 70’s. -
Executive Order 9981
This order prevented discrimination based on race in the US military. This allowed African Americans and other minorities to fight for the war. -
Brown v. Board of Education
This court case declared racial segregation in schools is unconstitutional. This started the integration process and increased anti-discrimination movements. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
This was a social movement against racial discrimination on public buses in Montgomery Alabama, lead by MLK Jr. This was just one of the social movements that aided in the end of racial discrimination for minorites in the US. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) formed
This was a group formed to better the lives of African Americans in the US, led by Martin Luther King Jr. to achieve racial equality and treatment. -
Little Rock 9
Nine students were prevented from integrating in a public little Rock school by the governor, known as the Little Rock Crisis. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
This was legislation by the US Government, which prevented discrimination against African Americans and moved society into an equal set of mind, racially. -
Chicano Movement (Mural Movement)
This was an artistic movement in which Mexican Americans painted murals all over the country to show their culture. This allowed Mexican Americans to be recognized in society. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-ins
These were nonviolent protests in which African Americans would sit in segregated lunch counters, progressively adding more people. This caused a social movement which aided in the social freedom of African Americans. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed
This was a group formed to improve conditions and treatment of Black youth in America. They led nonviolent protests and marches and had a great impact on the future treatments of African Americans in the US. -
Freedom Riders
African Americans would ride the interstate buses into the south to challenge segregation in interstate transportation. These movements later led to social change and an end to segregation of blacks in transportation. -
Dr. King’s: “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
This is the letter MLK Jr. wrote in jail. It describes the effectiveness of nonviolent protests in efforts to gain racial equality for African Americans. This gave African Americans hope and encouraged more nonviolent protests in order to achieve equality. -
March on Washington: “I have a dream” speech
This speech MLK Jr. gave during the march on Washington in order to express his concern about racism in the US and encourage change. This speech touched the hearts of Americans and pushed the Civil Rights Movement even further in the direction of success. -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment eliminated the poll tax, which prevented many African Americans from voting, due to lack of funds.
