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Plessy v. Ferguson
This case set up "seperate but equal" ideals for schools -
CORE is formed
The Congress of Racial Equality was formed. -
Discrimination is banned
President Roosevelt banned discrimination in defence industries. -
An American Dilemma
Gunnar Myrdal published the book The American Dilemma. It brought the issue of American predjudice to the public -
Jackie Robinson joins the Dodgers
Jackie Robinson reached a milestone in the civil rights movement by becoming the first black baseball player. -
Military Desegrigation
President Truman used his executive power desegrigate the army. -
NAACP
NAACP won a number of cases that had o do with segregation. One of the cases is Sweatt v. Painter -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Approved by Earl Warren. The Brown vs. Board of Education case helped the challenge to segregated pulic schools to all grades -
Hernandez v. Texas
1st surpreme court case ruling discrimination against race other than African Americans -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks: African American Seamtress who boarded a Montgomery bus and didn't give up her seat to a white person. Started Civil Rights Movement -
"Southern Manifesto"
100 southern members of Congress endorsed this "Manifesto" act and they acepted the fact that they should appose the Brown v. Board of Education ruling -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Supreme Court ruled that the Montgomery city law that segregated buses was unconstitutional -
SCLC
Led by King Jr. and Motgomery Minister, organized a series of protests like Prayer Pilgrimage in Washington, D.C., which helped Congress to pass Civil Rights legislation -
Central High Crisis
Centeral High, Little Rock, Arkansas. 9 black students wanted to attend an all white school. Truma used the force of the Nationa Guard to help intergrate these 9 students into the school. Only a few of these students however, ended up graduating. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Allowed more powerful investigations of the violations of civil rights to increase. Giving U.S Attorneies greater power to protect African American Rights -
Presidential Election of 1960
John F. Kennedy helped free Martin Luther King from prison after he was sentenced to 6 months in jail for a traffic violation. Then, with the help of African American voters, he won the presidential election of 1960. -
"Sit-Ins"
Four African Americans ordered doughnuts and coffee at a lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. The waitress refused to serve them because the resteraunt only served whites. The students then sat at the counter and refused to leave until the resteraunt closed. This was the start of a form of protests called "sit-ins". Other similar protests took place on beaches, and were called "wade-ins". -
James Lawson's Speech
One hundred and sevent-five students met at Shaw University where they listened to a speach made by James Lawson. He inspired them to 'get moving' and gain momentum to end racism and descrimination. Ella Baker, a veteran of the Civil Rights movement helped the newly inspired students to fom a new organization called the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee or the SNCC. -
Boynton v. Virginia
The Supreme Court ruled that segregation on interstate buses and in waiting rooms was unconstitutional and now illegal. -
Freedom Ride
CORE staged a "freedom ride". Two buses set out on a trip from Washington D.C. to New Orleans. On the way they disregarded segregation codes by sitting in the front of the bus and using "white" restrooms. After departing Anniston, Alabama one bus was firebombed, and the riders on the other bus were attacked by a white mob after they arrived in Birmingham. -
"Ole miss" Desegregates
James Meredith, an African American Air Force veteran wanted to enroll at "Ole Miss", an all-white University in Mississippi. With the NAACP's help, he won a court case that ordered the university to desegregate. Meredith eventually graduated from "Ole Miss" and went on to get his law degree from Columbia University in New York City. -
March on Washington
Over two hundred thousand protesters met in Washington D.C. The main events took place at the Lincoln Memorial where speakers addressed the crowd. The highlight of the day was King's "I have a dream" speech where he spoke of a colorblind society "when all God's children" would be free and equal. -
Sixteenth Street Baptist Church Bombing
A bombing occurred at the Sixteenth Street BaptistChurch in Birmingham. The church had been the SCLC's headquarters earlier that spring. Four African American girls were killed. -
John F. Kennedy's Assassination
John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, Texas, and the vice-president Lyndon B. Johnson takes the presidency. -
24th Amendment
The 24th amendment banned the poll tax. -
Freedom Summer
One thousand white and black volunteers traveled to Mississippi to educate African Americans and help them to become registered votrers.They also formed the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party(MFDP). -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned segreagtion in public accomodations, and gave the government the ability to compel school boards into desegregating their schools. It also granted the Justice Department the ability to prosecute individuals who violate people's civil rights. It also banned descrimination in the workplace on account of race, sex, color, or national origin. The act also established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission(EEOC). -
"Bloody Sunday"
Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC organized a series of protests in Selma, Alabama to pressure the government to pass a voting rights act. On March 7, the were caught in a confrontation with police. Armed state troopers and other authorities attacked the marchers as they attempted to cross the Edmund Pettus Bridge. This event becameknown as "Bloody Sunday". -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 banned literacy test and gave the federal government power to oversee voter registrations and elections in states that had descriminated against minorities. -
"Black Power"
SNCC leader Stokely Carmichael was the first to use the term "Black power". Whilehe had meant that blacks should use their economic and political power to gain equality, many whites saw it as a call for violence. -
First African American Supreme Court Justice
Nominated by President Johnson, Thurgood Marshall was appointed as the first African American Supreme Court Justice. -
Martin Luther King Jr.'s Assassination
King was shot while standing on his motel balcony. He died shortly later at the hospital. He was thirty-nine years old. James Earl Ray was , a white ex-convict was charged with his murder. -
Fair Housing Act
The Fair Housing Act banned descrimination in housing.
