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Dred Scott was a slave who moved to Illinois, which was a free state. The controversy was whether or not Scott could apply as a free man. The Supreme Court ended up ruling against him, but this angered many abolitionists and helped lead to the Emancipation Proclamation.
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This amendment abolished slavery and was implemented after the Civil War, when country was reestablished as a whole.
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This amendment granted citizenship to anyone born in the United States and forbid states from restricting people based on their color. It was meant to help give former slaves more equality.
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This amendment granted African American men the right to vote, even though they were still discriminated against and often not allowed to vote.
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A poll tax is a payment that was mostly required by African Americans in order to vote, which the majority were unable to pay and this is a way that they were still discriminated against even after the 15th Amendment.
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These were primary elections in the southern states where only whites were able to vote, continuing a pattern of discrimination against colored people.
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Plessy was jailed after sitting in a whites only car of a train. The Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal was okay. Meaning that segregation was okay as long as both sides received equal facilities.
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This amendment granted women the right to vote. It prohibited states from denying people the right to vote based off gender.
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Was a proposed amendment that would guarantee equal rights regardless of sex, and was passed in Congress but not ratified by the states.
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This ruling stated that segregation was not allowed in schools, and overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling. It was argued that it violated the Equal Rights Clause of the 14th Amendment.
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A policy in which a person's race, sex, religion, or origin are taken into account in order to provide opportunities to underrepresented parts of society.
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Prohibits Congress and states from charging a poll tax, helping end discrimination at polling centers.
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Banned discrimination based on sex, race, religion or country of origin. Also forbade the use of federal funds for any discriminatory program or agenda.
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Banned literacy tests and other discriminatory procedures at polling places that mostly targeted minorities.
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The Reed's were a couple who split and were in an argument over who should receive their deceased son's estate. Idaho code stated that men were preferred over women, but the case went to the Supreme Court where they ruled the Equal Protection Clause under the 14th Amendment prohibited states from discriminating based on gender.
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The school had 16 reserved spots for qualified minority students. Bakke who was more than qualified was denied twice because of his race. The Supreme Court ruled that it is illegal to have racial quotas for students.
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Two homosexual men were found in their home having consensual sex and were arrested. The Supreme Court ruled against the men, because Georgia's anti-sodomy laws were found constitutional.
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This act prohibited discrimination towards any sort of mental or physical disability. This applied to all areas of public life, but most importantly jobs. This allowed disabled people to not be fired or rejected based simply on their ailment.
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Police responded to a call and entered a private home where they found two homosexual men having consensual sex. They were arrested due to the anti-sodomy laws in Texas. When the case was brought to the Supreme Court, it was ruled the anti-sodomy laws were unconstitutional.
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This case forced all states to issue same sex marriage licenses and recognize same sex marriages.
