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Dred v Sandford
Dred Scott was a slave who resided in Illinois which was a free state. He then returned back to his slave state, Missouri. He went to court for his freedom because he believed that since he lived in a free state he should be able to live free in Missouri. He lost this court case and his owner Scott stated,"no “negro” or descendant of slaves could be a citizen in the sense of Article III of the Constitution". The court said that if slaves weren't born in U.S territory they can't testify in court. -
13th amendment
The 13th amendment stated that there is neither slavery nor involuntary servitude. This amendment is important because it ended all the cruel tasks and punishments on the slaves. It started a revolution that many students learn about today in school. -
14th amendment
The 14th amendment states that all born U.S citizens including informer slaves are guaranteed with equal protection of the law. This is significant to today because many people will argue that the police officers aren't following this amendment and are killing innocent people. They are causing distress in the United States and people might say that they aren't being protected by the law. -
15th amendment
The 15th amendment was the right to vote regardless of the race, color, or previous condition servitude. This is important because African Americans struggled for their voting rights and it laid the groundwork for future civil rights activism. -
Plessy v Ferguson
This case is about how Louisiana has a separate car act which is white only ride with white and black only ride with black. This man named Homer Plessy was 7/8 Caucasian, but he was considered black under the Louisana Law. When he went to sit in the 'Whites Only" car he was asked to leave, but he refused. He went to court saying that his 13th and 14th amendment was violated. The court said it is equal but it do not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment. -
19th amendment
The 19th amendment gave the women the right to vote. It is the right to give a U.S citizen to vote no matter what their sex is. This significant because it started to give women more power. This is what kind of started a movement for women of all races. -
Brown v Board of Education
"Brown v. Board of Education was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality"(Wikipedia). This significance of this was it helped establish the precedent that separate-but-equal education and other services were not, in fact, equal at all. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act was against the discrimination of sex and race for hiring, promoting and firing. This is significant because there are still people discriminating others based on their race and sex. It's almost been 6 decades and it's still happening. Nothing has really changed. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act was signed by President Johnson that stated to overcome the legal barriers of African Americans from exercising their rote to vote. This known as one most far reaching pieces of civil rights legislation in United States. -
Reed v Reed
This case was about a couple who separated and had a conflict with who would be designated as administrator of the estate of their deceased son. They gave it to the man but the woman said that it violated her 14th amendment. The court decided that the woman was right and you can't discriminant people based on their sex. This is important because it still plays a role in today's situations. -
Title IX
Title IX is a federal civil rights law that stated it prohibits sex-based discrimination in any school or other education program that receives federal money. This is important because if one person is treated differently based on their sex than others then it will be looked down upon. It doesn't really happen too much in our school from what I have experienced. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Allan Bakke applied to Regents but got rejected twice. He had the grades and SAT scores for this college but he got rejected. He stated that he didn't get into Regents because of his race. The court said Powell argued that the rigid use of racial quotas as employed at the school violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The American disabilities act prohibits people from discriminating people with disabilities in multiple areas. This is important today because it shows how far we've came as a country to try and make people with disabilities to feel like they are a normal person that can do everyday tasks. -
Obergefell v. Hodges
States' bans on same-sex marriage or refusal to recognize legal same-sex marriages that occurred in jurisdictions that provided for such marriages. The states' statutes violated the Equal Protection Clause and Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment, and one group of plaintiffs also brought claims under the Civil Rights Act. The court ruled that the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment guarantees the right to marry as one of the fundamental liberties it protects.