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13th amendment
the 13th amendment was passed on January 31st 1865. It was created to abolish slavery. -
14th Amendment
Granted newley free slaves citizenship, and protected rights. -------Citizenship clause, Dew Process Clause, Equal Protection Clause. -
15th Amendment
Protects the rights of all men to vote, black or white. Allowed African Americans to hold public office. -
Jim Crow
1876 to 1965. Blacks and whites were segragated into different bathrooms, schools, drinking fountains, etc. Seperate but equal. -
Poll Tax
A way of keeping African Americans from voting. Most were poor and couldn't pay the tax. -
Literacy Tests
Another way of that white people were able to stop African Americans from voting. -
Plessy vs. Fruguson
Cuurt Case that up heald the seperate but equal clause. Plessy tried to board the whites only train car, seeing he was mixed, but was told he wasnt allowed. He sued to change the law. Court ruled that Louisiana's law was constitutional. -
19th Amendment
Granted women the right to vote. -
Korematsu vs. United States
During WW2 all Japanese in America were put into camps. Korematsu refused and argued the law unconstitutional. He was arrested and convicted. Court ruled in favor of the US -
Sweat vs Painter
There were two law schools in texas. And white and a black. The Black school was visibly worse then the white. The Black school sued. Saying this violated the separate but equal clause. Court ruled in favor of Sweatt. -
Brown vs Board fo Education
Courts banned segragation of schools. -
Montgomery bus Boycott
1955-1956
A racial protest against the segragation in Montgomery Alabama, lasted for a year, reoccuring. -
Ruby Bridges
She was the first African American child to attend an all-white school. -
Affirmative Action
The term "affirmative action" was first introduced by President Kennedy in 1961 as a method of redressing discrimination that had persisted in spite of civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees. It was developed and enforced for the first time by President Johnson. -
24th Amendment
Prohibited poll tax and literacy tests. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlawed discrimination based on color, race, sex, religion. South added the sex clause on the premise that it would allow for the law to be rejected. -
Voting Rights Act fo 1965
Prohibits racial discrimination in voting. -
Loving Vs Virginia
Loving married an african american woman, and was sentenced to a year. Courts in favor of Loving -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
Kennedy gave the news of MLK’s death to a group of African Americans in downtown Indy. The event was originally scheduled for a rally. -
Reed vs Reed
Divorce case that lead to a fight over sex discrimination. Court ruled in favor of the wife, saying favor of males is unconstitutional. -
Equal Rights Amendment
Stated that gender should not determine the legal rights of men or women. It was designed toabolish many state and federal laws that discriminate against women. -
Regents of the University of California vs Bakke
It decided although race may be a factor in determining admission to public educational institutions, it may not be the main determining factor. -
Bowers vs. Hardwick
The Supreme Court ruled the Constitution does not protect the right of gay adults to private, consensual sodomy. -
Americans With Disibilities Act
It prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places. -
Lawernece v. Texas
In Lawrence v. Texas (2003), the Supreme Court ruled that state laws banning homosexual sodomy are unconstitutional as a violation of the right to privacy. In the end, therefore, Lawrence v. Texas both protected the privacy of the bedroom and renewed the Court's power to identify individual rights above and beyond those historically protected under the law. -
Fisher v Texas
Fisher v Texas is a United States Supreme Court case concerning the affirmative action admissions policy of the University of Texas at Austin. The Supreme Court voided the lower appellate court's ruling in favor of the University and remanded the case, holding that the lower court had not applied the standard of strict scrutiny. -
Indiana Gay Rights Court Battle
It’s a battle that started in 2004 and the supporters of traditional marriage have always felt they had a better chance of winning in the General Assembly than in the courts. Now, same-sex couples in Indiana will have to wait until the U.S. Supreme Court addresses the question of whether gay marriage bans are constitutional.
