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13th Amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. It was important because it created a constitutional amendment that banned slavery in ALL of the American states. The amendment not only ended slavery, but also created a substantive assurance of freedom. -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws. It was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War.The creation of this amendment changed the way Americans look at equality, and the effects it had on our history are still as important today as they were over 200 years ago. -
Poll Taxes
In national elections citizens had to pay a fee in order to vote not too long ago. Poll taxes came about when african americans had the right to vote but many of them did not have money. -
15th Amendment
The 15th Amendment prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". It was important in that it not only finally gave African Americans the right to vote, but also allowed the most African Americans in history to be elected into public office. Once in office, they pursued laws that provided schools for all children and allowed people of different races to be married. -
Literacy Tests
Literacy tests were used so that african americans could not vote even though it was legal for them. Literacy tests were banned when the Civil Rights Act of 1965 came into action to prevent inequality. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson introduced the separate but equal strategy. African americans could have "equal" opprotunities as whites but they were still separate. This segregation did not lead to equality but it was the intention of the case. -
Jim Crow laws
They mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in Southern states of the former Confederacy. Starting in 1890, a "separate but equal" status for African Americans. Some examples of Jim Crow laws were the segregation of public schools, public places and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants and drinking fountains for whites and blacks. The laws were between 1876 and 1965. -
19th Amendment
The nineteenth amendment prohibits any citizens being denied the right to vote. Before the amendment states were allowed to set qualifications for the voting rights but the amendment changed everything and now btoh women and african americans have the right to vote. -
Korematsu v.United States
The Korematsu decision was significant because it ruled that the United States government had the right to exclude and forcibly move people and they believed that violated the 14 amedment and equal protection law -
Sweatt v. Painter
This case challenged the separate but equal case by taking an african american who was not granted acess into law school at the University of Texas. In the end congress said separate but equal was not equal. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Discrimination in public schools was outlawed. The supreme court was finally brought to with a case regarding the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. This was one of the most significant cases of the 20th century. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycotttook took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956..It is widely regarded as the earliest mass protest on behalf of civil rights in the U.S., setting the stage for additional large-scale actions outside the court system to bring about fair treatment for African Americans. It also brought national and international attention to the civil rights struggles occurring in the U.S. -
Ruby Bridges
Ruby Nell Bridges Hall is an American activist known for being the first black child to attend an all-white elementary school in the South. She played an important roll in the Civil Rights Movement. She helped other african americans that were troubled also. She was a great tribute to the community, many people looked up to her. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The civil rights movement deeply affected American society. Among its most important achievements were two major civil rights laws passed by Congress. These laws ensured constitutional rights for African Americans and other minorities. It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. The 24th amendment is important because African Americans in the South faced significant discrimination and couldn't vote for elected officials that would work to end the discrimination. Although the poll tax was never a large sum of money, it was just enough to stop poor African Americans and whites from voting. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act stopped racial discrimination when voting. Literacy tests were outlawed to help overcome the inequality. This act became among the most significant in civil rights histroy. -
Loving v. Virginia
Supreme Court ruled unanimously that the law against interracial marriages violated the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the 14th Amendment -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
Kennedy was the first to publicly inform the audience of King's assassination, causing members of the audience to scream and wail in disbelief. Kennedy reiterated his belief that the country needed and wanted unity between blacks and whites and encouraged the country to "dedicate ourselves to what the Greeks wrote so many years ago: to tame the savageness of man and to make gentle the life of this world." The speech calmed American down and helped them deal with grief. -
Reed v. Reed
The significance case to declare sex discrimination which was a violation of the 14th Amendment.They had given the money to the father and not the mother and she believe that it was discrimination on her because she was the female. -
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA v. BAKKE
He was a different race and when he applied to the university he was denied twice and the other minorites that had applied didnt have as hogh of test scores as him and still got in. He belived that it was violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The equal rights amendment introduced a new topic to congress. That was the right for women to vote. Before the amendment women were veiwed as not equal but as the amendment was ratified women began to progress. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
He was caught having oral sex with another man and they said that it was aganist the law they saif that he would go to jail for it and he sued because he said it was aganist the Consition to go to jail for that. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This act prohibited the discrimination of people with disabilities. As a part of this act businesses and public places had to put up ramps and other tools to allow acess for those with disablities. This act accomidated people with disablities as the civil rights act accomidated those who were colored and those who had a different sexual orientation. -
Affirmitive action
being rjected when applying to a school or job forces because of race would be a violation of affirmitive action ensure that qualified individuals have equal access to opportunity and are given a fair chance to contribute their talents and abilities -
Lawrence v. Texas
two persons of the same sex to engage in certain intimate sexual conduct violate the Due Process Clause the court argued and Lawrence aruged that they had the right of Equal Protection and the police had violated their privacy. -
Fisher v. Texas
Using race for collage application wasnt needed and it didnt go along with the idea of affrimative action they said it was approraite but limited -
Indianas Gay Right Court Battle
should gay marriage be legal in all 50 states is the question..they are asking the surprem court what their decsion on gay marrige is and should it be legal in all 50 states
