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Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was an enslaved Africans American from the south. He then travels north to escape. After returning to Missouri, Scott filed suit in Missouri court for his freedom, claiming that his residence in free territory made him a free man. After losing, Scott brought a new suit in federal court. Scott's master maintained that no “negro” or descendant of slaves could be a citizen in the sense of Article III of the Constitution. -
14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.” -
15th Amendment
The 15th Amendment states, “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” -
White Primaries
The white primary was one method used by white Democrats to disenfranchise most black and other minority voters. -
Plessy v Ferguson
landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal". -
19th Amendment
DescriptionThe Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex. -
Brown v Board of Education
DescriptionBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
Affirmative v action
Affirmative action in the United States is a set of laws, policies, guidelines, and administrative practices "intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination" that include government-mandated, government-sanctioned and voluntary private programs. -
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment Prohibits Poll Taxes. The amendment forbids Congress and states from requiring poll taxes in order to vote in federal elections. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. -
Poll Taxes
A poll tax is a tax levied as a fixed sum on every liable individual. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Voting Rights Act, outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting. -
Reed v Reed
It was an Equal Protection case in the United States in which the Supreme Court ruled that the administrators of estates cannot be named in a way that discriminates between sexes. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment was or is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. -
Regents of the Univ. of Cal. v. Bakke
It was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.
Wikipedia › wiki › Regents_of_the_... -
Bowers v Hardwick
In Bowers v. Hardwick, the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution does not protect the right of gay adults to engage in private, consensual sodomy. The Court also ruled that "the right to engage in homosexual sodomy" was not in itself a "fundamental right" protected by the Due Process Clause. -
Americans with disabilities act
DescriptionThe Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination based on disability. -
13th Amendment
The 13th amendment to the United States Constitution provides that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." -
Lawerence v texas
Texas state law criminalizing certain intimate sexual conduct between two consenting adults of the same sex was unconstitutional. The sodomy laws in a dozen other states were thereby invalidated. -
Obergefell v Hodges
The case, Obergefell v. Hodges, will determine whether states have the right to ban same-sex marriage or refuse to recognize the unions of same-sex partners forged in other states. Currently, same-sex marriage is legal in 37 states, with 13 states banning the practice by constitutional amendment or state law.
