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13th amendment
Declared that “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." This abolished slavery in the US, and assured equal rights to everyone. -
14th amendment
this was ratified on July 9, 1868 and it granted citizenship all persons born or naturalized in the United States. This included former slaves recently freed due to the 13th amendment. This stops states from denying any person “life, liberty or property, without due process of the law.” This helped expand the protection of civil rights to every American -
15th amendment
this granted African American men the right to vote by declaring that the "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Even though the 14th amendment was passed they could still deny the right for African American men to vote, this is why the 15th amendment was passed. -
Jim Crow
this was not a man but any of the laws that enforced racial segregation in the South between the end of the formal Reconstruction period in 1877 and the beginning of a strong civil rights movement in the 1950s. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy attempted to sit in an all white rail road car, he refused to sit in the black cars. plessy was arrested for violating "seperate but equal" commodations. -
19th amendment
the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted American women the right to vote, a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. -
poll tax
Poll taxes were used as a voting prerequisite in the southern states; when payment was made a prerequisite to voting, poor blacks and poor whites were effectively denied the vote. This tax didn’t prohibit any one from voting it just made it economically harder on blacks and poor whites to vote. This was the way the southern states stopped blacks from voting -
Literaacy test
The literacy test was a test encouraged by the Southern states which basically said that those who voted had to be literate. This was mainly a trap for blacks, and immigrants considering that they had little to no schooling and therefore would obviously fail. In this way, a majority of Southerners were content as blacks and immigrants were denied nearly all influence on those in power. -
korematsu v united states
gave the military authority to exclude citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas to national defense and potentially vulnerable to espionage. Korematsu remained in San Leandro, California and violated Civilian Exclusion -
Sweatt v. Painter
it starteed in 1946, Marion Sweatt (black man) applied for admission to the university of texas, the stae law only allowed whites at this school, so when sweatt put in his application he was automatically declined. they did not want sweatt there at all! so they built the negro law school in 1947 and that was where sweattended -
Browns v. Education
african americans tried to get into schools but they couldnt because of their race. the judge stated that seperate schools could not and would not be made equal, and they were dprived of equal protection law. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
started by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional. The Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) coordinated the boycott, and its president, Martin Luther King, Jr., became a prominent civil rights leader as international attention focused on Montgomery. The bus boycott demonstrated the potential for nonviolent mass protest to successfully -
24th amendment
Stated that the right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax. People found loop holes to making it hard for African American to vote. -
Civil rights act of 1964
that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public. -
voting rights act of 1965
Signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on August 6, 1965, aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. The act significantly widened the franchise and is considered among the most far-reaching pieces of civil rights legislation in U.S. history. -
affirmative action
equal opportunity employment measures that Federal contractors and subcontractors are legally required to adopt. this is to prevent discrimination against employees or applicants for employment on the basis of "color, religion, sex, or national origin" -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
was given on April 4, 1968, in Indianapolis, Indiana. Kennedy, the United States senator from New York, was campaigning to earn the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination when he learned that King had been assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. -
reed v. reed
this was the fight between men and woman. woman deserve the same rights and actions as men do but back then they thought differently. the judge eventually said if you want males and females to have the same rights then we must start calling males "females". -
Equal rights Amendment
designed to guarantee equal rights for women. This gave the rights to woman that they didn’t have before. -
regents of the university of california v. bakke
white man being discriminated againist at a medical school even though his GPA/test scores were higher than anybodys there. bakke evenutally took it to the california courts then later to the supreme court. it was a split vote. 4 judges said it violated the civil rights act, and the other 4 judges said it was due to his "higher education" -
Bowers v. Hardwick
Hardwick was being observed by a georgia police officer while have homosexual activities in his house/ his room. The police barged into his house and he was charged because that was against the law. -
Lawerence v, texas
Houston police entered Lawrence's apartment and saw him and another man, engaging in sexual intercourse. Lawrence and Garner were arrested and convicted of deviate sexual intercourse in violation of a Texas statute forbidding two persons of the same sex to engage in certain intimate sexual conduct. -
Indianas gay court battle
Indiana attorney general’s office spokesman Bryan Corbin said in a statement Monday that the 7th Circuit’s stay will remain in effect until the high court “decides whether to accept the government defendants’ appeal.” "With the status quo still in place, Indiana’s 92 county clerks still are required to continue to follow Indiana’s existing statute and can issue marriage licenses to opposite-sex applicants only,” Corbin said. -
fisher v texas
Fisher,(white) applied for undergraduate admission to the University of Texas in 2008. Fisher was not in the top ten percent of her class, so she competed for admission with other non-top ten percent in-state applicants. The University of Texas denied Fisher's application.Fisher filed suit against the university claiming that the University of Texas' use of race as a consideration in admission decisions was in violation of the equal protection.
